住房租赁关系中出租人权利法律限制研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 17:40

本文选题：住房租赁关系 + 出租人　；参考：《安徽财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化的发展,城市人口迅速集中,住房问题已经成为国计民生亟需解决的问题。在房屋买卖市场持续火爆、房价居高不下、政府保障性住房政策尚未完全发挥作用的背景下,住房租赁市场为解决现阶段城镇居民住房问题提供了另一种思路。在我国,相比于住房买卖市场的蓬勃发展,住房租赁市场迟迟得不到重视,出租人权利过大、承租人利益得不到保护等问题又进一步制约了住房租赁市场的发展。在很多发达国家和地区,法律积极地对住房租赁关系加以调整,尤其是对住房租赁关系中出租人的权利加以限制,从而保障承租人的正当利益、规范住房租赁市场。如果相关法律制度建设滞后于住房租赁市场的发展,就可能延缓市场的发展速度,甚至带来一系列社会问题。因此,关于我国住房租赁关系中出租人权利法律限制这一问题的研究,对于完善我国住房租赁市场的相关法律、促进住房租赁市场的发展以及助力新型城镇化发展都具有积极意义。本文的研究主要从以下几个方面展开:住房租赁关系中出租人权利的基本问题分析,限制出租人权利的现实必要性和理论正当性,出租人权利法律限制制度的域外经验和思考,我国应该如何构建符合国情的法律制度以限制出租人权利。正文共分四个部分:第一部分:本文首先介绍了住房租赁关系的的内涵和构成,揭示了出租人在住房租赁关系中具有主导权的表现,然后分析了造成这种现状的法律、社会、经济、文化原因,从而阐明了出租人主导权固化的基本问题。第二部分:本文分析了限制出租人权利的现实必要性和理论正当性,基于合理分配出租人与承租人的权利义务、稳定住房租赁关系、保障承租人居住权益等方面的考虑,限制出租人权利具有现实必要性。当然,限制出租人权利需要正当的理由,因此,本文从社会本位原则、平衡协调原则、适度干预原则、效率与公平等角度分析了限制出租人权利的理论正当性。第三部分:本文综合考量了英国、美国、德国的住房租赁法律中出租人权利法律限制的模式,主要介绍了租金规则、正当理由规则、适住性规则和配套监管措施与司法救济途径,分析了这些规则的特征与不足,以及这些规则对中国的借鉴意义。第四部分:通过对上述问题的研究,提出构建我国住房租赁关系中出租人权利法律限制制度的具体建议,以细化相关法律法规、健全住房租赁管理制度,丰富纠纷解决方式等措施限制出租人的权利,从而使相关理论研究具备现实中的可操作性。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and the rapid concentration of urban population, the housing problem has become an urgent problem for the national economy and people's livelihood.Under the background that the housing market continues to flourish, housing prices remain high, and the government's housing policy has not yet played a full role, the housing rental market provides another way of thinking to solve the housing problems of urban residents at this stage.In our country, compared with the booming development of the housing market, the housing rental market is slow to pay attention to, the lessor's rights are too large, the lessee's interests are not protected, and so on, which further restricts the development of the housing rental market.In many developed countries and regions, the law actively adjusts the housing lease relationship, especially restricts the lessor's rights in the housing lease relationship, so as to protect the legitimate interests of the lessee and standardize the housing rental market.If the construction of the relevant legal system lags behind the development of the housing rental market, it may delay the development of the market and even bring about a series of social problems.Therefore, the research on the legal restriction of the lessor's rights in the housing rental relationship of our country will improve the relevant laws of the housing rental market in our country.It is of great significance to promote the development of housing rental market and to promote the development of new-type urbanization.The research of this paper is mainly carried out from the following aspects: the analysis of the basic problems of the lessor's rights in the housing lease relationship, the realistic necessity and theoretical legitimacy of restricting the lessor's rights, the experience and thinking of the legal restriction system of the lessor's rights abroad.In order to limit the lessor's rights, China should construct a legal system in accordance with the national conditions.The text is divided into four parts: the first part: this paper first introduces the connotation and composition of the housing rental relationship, reveals the lessor has the dominant right in the housing lease relationship, and then analyzes the law, society, which causes this kind of present situation.Economic and cultural reasons, thus clarifying the lessor's dominant rights solidified basic problems.The second part: this paper analyzes the realistic necessity and theoretical legitimacy of restricting the lessor's rights, based on the reasonable allocation of the rights and obligations between the lessor and the lessee, the stabilization of the housing lease relationship, the protection of the lessee's residential rights and interests.It is necessary to restrict the right of lessor.Of course, restricting the right of lessor needs proper reasons. Therefore, this paper analyzes the theoretical legitimacy of restricting the right of lessor from the angle of the principle of social standard, the principle of balance and coordination, the principle of moderate intervention, the principle of efficiency and fairness, and so on.The third part: this paper synthetically considers the model of the legal restriction of lessor's rights in the housing lease law of the United Kingdom, the United States and Germany, and mainly introduces the rent rules, the rules of legitimate reasons.This paper analyzes the characteristics and deficiencies of these rules and their reference significance to China.The fourth part: through the research of the above problems, the author puts forward the concrete suggestions of constructing the legal restriction system of the lessor's rights in the housing lease relationship in our country, in order to refine the relevant laws and regulations, and perfect the housing lease management system.Enriching the dispute settlement methods and other measures to restrict the lessor's rights, so that the relevant theoretical research has practical operability.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.6

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