我国食品大规模侵权损害多元化救济机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 17:37

本文选题：食品 + 大规模侵权　；参考：《西北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：食品大规模侵权事件因其受害主体多、损害后果严重且具有一定的潜伏期等特点被广泛关注。传统的民事侵权诉讼在应对该类人数众多的大规模侵权案件时显得“力不从心”,受害者的损失很难得到充分的弥补,代表人诉讼制度因在实践中过于死板,受害人在诉讼中负担的举证责任过重等缺点不能很好的发挥作用；我国的责任保险制度与基金制度发展尚不完善,管理体系不健全；政府作为社会中的特殊主体,有责任维护社会的稳定公平,但过多的干预民事领域的侵权纠纷,会造成司法权的空置。国外在应对该类大规模侵权的损害救济问题时,积极探索多元化的救济机制,如美国的集团诉讼,潜在损害医疗检查费制度,英国的保险基金,日本的选定当事人制度等,其中不乏我们可借鉴之处,但也不能全盘照抄,结合我国的现实状况,在借鉴国外先进经验的基础上探索适合我国食品大规模侵权的损害救济途径是研究的重点。民事救济、社会救济、行政救济三种机制在解决纠纷,维护受害者权益方面有积极的效果,但制度本身的设计也有其不详尽之处,三制度在实践中也有其局限性,探索三种机制的有效结合,无缝衔接是最终的落脚点。
[Abstract]:Large-scale food tort has been widely concerned because of its many victims, serious damage consequences and a certain incubation period.The traditional civil tort litigation appears to be unable to cope with this kind of massive tort cases, the victims' losses are difficult to be fully compensated, and the representative litigation system is too rigid in practice.The burden of proof of the victim in the proceedings such as excessive shortcomings can not play a good role; China's liability insurance system and fund system development is not perfect, management system is not perfect; the government as a special subject in society,It is the duty to maintain social stability and fairness, but too much interference in tort disputes in civil field will result in the vacancy of judicial power.When dealing with the problem of damage relief of this kind of large-scale tort, foreign countries actively explore diversified relief mechanisms, such as the class action in the United States, the system of medical examination fee for potential damage, the insurance fund in Britain, the system of selected parties in Japan, etc.Some of them can be used for reference, but we can not copy them completely. Combining with the reality of our country and drawing on the advanced experience of foreign countries, it is the focal point of the study to explore the ways of damage relief suitable for the large-scale infringement of food in our country.The three mechanisms of civil relief, social relief and administrative relief have positive effects in resolving disputes and safeguarding the rights and interests of victims. However, the design of the system itself is not exhaustive, and the three systems have their limitations in practice.To explore the effective combination of the three mechanisms, seamless convergence is the ultimate foothold.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

【相似文献】