违反《物权法》第191条合同效力的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 00:13

本文选题：抵押权让与 + 合同效力　；参考：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国早在1988年就已经对抵押物的让与问题做了规定,至《物权法》的出台,连续几次立法对于抵押物的让与问题分别做了具有差异性的规定。尤其是第191条“不得让与”的规定,从文字表面上理解,使人以为必须经过“抵押权人同意”这一前置程序才能实现抵押物的让与。第191条对抵押物让与效力负面评价的规避导致理论界和实务界对其理解产生了争议和质疑,从法律的一致性角度而言,《物权法》的这一规定与前几次立法对于抵押物让与规则的规定存有抵牾。本文通过对因抵押物让与产生纠纷的相关法院判决案例的省份分布状态、合同效力情况、裁判理由等相关数据和内容等进行统计和归纳总结,认识到法院在审理抵押物让与合同的案件时,涉及的焦点问题主要表现为如下几点:第一,对《物权法》第191条法律条文的性质的认定存在争议,从而导致违反该条款让与抵押物时的效力认定存在差异;第二,对抵押权登记公示的作用认识不足,对抵押标的物设置抵押权并且履行登记公示程序之后,抵押权人仍然可以要求抵押人将抵押标的物的让与价款进行提前清偿;第三,抵押物让与行为中的各方利益平衡困难等。本文分为四个部分对上述问题展开探究和论述。引言部分,主要介绍写作该论文的现实背景、研究方法,另对国内关于抵押物让与合同的效力问题的研究现状和研究成果进行整理归纳。第一部分主要归纳我国抵押物让与立法的变化以及对国内学者的相关观点进行总结,从而得出目前我国理论界在抵押物让与制度所面临的主要问题。第二部分主要简述此论文进行实证研究所整理案例的主要来源和检索关键词,以及对相关案例进行类型化统计分析,并总结不同法院对抵押物让与制度所采取的不同态度的原因;第三部分为司法实践分析,在此基础上归纳我国法院的实务裁判标准和所做出的一些突破。第四部分在比较法的视野上分析其他国家的立法例对待抵押物让与行为的态度和三者利益平衡的制度设计,结合我国司法实践中裁判标准和突破,提出将来对于抵押物让与行为新的立法建议。抵押物让与这一行为在我国现实生活中广泛存在,能够将规范这种行为的立法适应国内外潮流,由此减少相关纠纷的发生,平衡三方当事人之间的利益,对刺激消费和实现我国信用经济的快速发展具有积极意义。
[Abstract]:As early as 1988, our country has already made the stipulation to the question of the mortgage, until the "property Law" came into being, several successive legislations have made the different stipulation to the question of the mortgage.In particular, the article 191 "not transferable" provisions, from the literal surface, make people think that we must go through the "mortgagee consent" this pre-procedure in order to achieve the transfer of collateral.Article 191 evades the negative evaluation of the validity of mortgage transfer, which leads to disputes and doubts on its understanding in the theoretical and practical circles.From the point of view of legal consistency, this provision of Real right Law contradicts the provisions of previous legislations on the rule of assignment of mortgage.In this paper, the author makes a statistical analysis of the provincial distribution status, contract effectiveness, adjudication reasons and other relevant data and contents of the relevant court judgment cases resulting from the dispute over the transfer of mortgage.Recognizing that, in the case of a contract for the assignment of mortgage, the Court has addressed the following main points of focus: first, there is a dispute over the nature of the legal provisions of article 191 of the Law on property,Therefore, there are differences in the validity when the mortgage is transferred to the mortgage. Secondly, there is a lack of understanding of the role of the registration of the mortgage, setting up the mortgage on the subject matter of the mortgage and performing the registration public display procedure.The mortgagee can still ask the mortgagor to pay off the price of the subject matter in advance; third, the interests of the parties in the act of mortgage transfer are difficult to balance.This paper is divided into four parts to explore and discuss the above problems.The introduction part mainly introduces the realistic background and research methods of writing this paper, and summarizes the current research situation and research results on the validity of mortgage transfer contract in China.The first part mainly summarizes the changes of the legislation of mortgage transfer in China and summarizes the relevant views of domestic scholars, and then concludes the main problems faced by the current theoretical circle in the system of mortgage transfer.The second part mainly describes the main sources and retrieval keywords of the cases collated in this paper, as well as the statistical analysis of the relevant cases.The third part is the analysis of judicial practice, on the basis of which, the author summarizes the standards of practical adjudication and some breakthroughs made by Chinese courts.The fourth part analyzes the attitude of other countries' legislation to the behavior of mortgage transfer and the system design of the balance of the three interests from the perspective of comparative law, combining with the judicial practice of our country in the adjudication standard and breakthrough.Put forward a new legislative proposal for the act of mortgage assignment in the future.The act of mortgage transfer exists widely in the real life of our country, which can adapt the legislation of regulating this behavior to the domestic and foreign trends, thus reducing the occurrence of related disputes and balancing the interests of the three parties.To stimulate consumption and achieve the rapid development of China's credit economy has a positive significance.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

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