转基因动物专利保护研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 02:31

本文选题：转基因动物 + 专利　；参考：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：转基因技术自20世纪70年代诞生以来,得到了快速发展,转基因动物广泛应用于科学研究、医药健康、农业生产等众多领域,逐渐形成一个巨大产业。我国在“十二五”规划期间提出《生物产业发展规划》,以国家战略的高度力争在这一高新技术领域占有一席之地。转基因技术产业的不断发展使各国纷纷认识到转基因动物的巨大价值,特别是发达国家对转基因技术领域采取专利保护之后,各国对转基因动物的关注达到了全新的高度。我国转基因技术的起步相对较晚,总体水平与发达国家存在一定差距;但由于近来国家的不断重视,相关研究在很多领域取得突破,某些方面甚至达到世界先进水平。然不可否认的是,由于相应保护制度的缺失,我国转基因技术发展依然面临各种各样的问题,与发达国家转基因技术产业的差距有进一步拉大的趋势。专利制度对科技进步的巨大促进作用已经得到验证,要想缩小与发达国家的差距甚至超过发达国家的水平,对专利制度的实行也就变得相当必要。虽然我国在最近将基因纳入可专利客体的范围之内,但仍然大大落后于实践需要,对转基因动物实行专利保护似乎已经成为不可逆转的趋势。然而,一项新制度的建立必然会面临巨大的阻力和各种各样的障碍,因此对转基因动物概念的厘清、对转基因动物专利概况的描述、对转基因动物专利可行性的分析就具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文正文分为四个部分。第一部分主要是对转基因动物相关内容的概述。通过对转基因动物和转基因动物技术的概念、特点和转基因动物的应用前景等的描述,试图展示转基因动物到底是什么,转基因动物到底有什么用,我们为什么要对转基因动物进行保护,从而在为本文接下来的论述奠定基础的同时引出问题。第二部分主要是对转基因动物专利概况的分析。通过对转基因动物专利制度的特点、我国实行转基因动物专利的必要性以及国外关于转基因动物保护的选择的描述来说明我国对转基因动物实行专利保护的原因。第三部分主要是对转基因动物专利可行性的分析。通过对转基因动物可专利客体、转基因动物专利的理论争议、转基因动物专利的实质审查标准的分析表明我国可以对转基因动物实行专利保护以及我国转基因动物专利保护所面临的一些挑战和在制度实行过程中需要注意的问题。第四部分主要是对我国转基因动物专利制度的一些探索。首先简略地列明了我国关于转基因动物保护的法律规定,接着分析了我国在转基因动物保护领域所面临的问题,最后针对相关问题提出了几点建议,以期为我国的转基因动物保护制度的建立和完善提供些许帮助。
[Abstract]:Transgenic technology has been developed rapidly since its birth in 1970s. Transgenic animals have been widely used in many fields, such as scientific research, medical health, agricultural production and so on, and gradually formed a huge industry. During the 12th Five-Year Plan, our country put forward the Biological Industry Development Plan, striving to occupy a place in this high-tech field with the height of national strategy. With the continuous development of the transgenic technology industry, many countries have realized the great value of transgenic animals, especially after the developed countries take patent protection in the field of transgenic technology, the attention to transgenic animals has reached a new height. The start of transgenic technology in China is relatively late and there is a certain gap between the general level and developed countries. However, due to the constant attention paid by our country recently, related research has made breakthroughs in many fields, and some aspects have even reached the advanced level in the world. However, it is undeniable that, due to the lack of corresponding protection system, the development of transgenic technology in China is still faced with various problems, and the gap between China and the developed countries in transgenic technology industry has a trend of further widening. The role of patent system in promoting the progress of science and technology has been proved. In order to narrow the gap with developed countries and even exceed the level of developed countries, the implementation of patent system becomes quite necessary. Although our country has recently brought genes into the scope of patentable objects, it still lags far behind the needs of practice. Patent protection of transgenic animals seems to have become an irreversible trend. However, the establishment of a new system will inevitably face great resistance and various obstacles, so the concept of genetically modified animals is clarified, and the patent profile of transgenic animals is described. The analysis of patent feasibility of transgenic animals has important theoretical and practical significance. The text of this paper is divided into four parts. The first part is an overview of the related contents of transgenic animals. By describing the concept, characteristics and application prospects of transgenic animals and transgenic animal technology, this paper tries to show what transgenic animals are and what they are useful for. Why should we protect transgenic animals so as to lay the foundation for the following discussion? The second part is the analysis of the patent of transgenic animals. Through the characteristics of the patent system of transgenic animals, the necessity of implementing the patent of transgenic animals in China and the description of the choice of protection of transgenic animals abroad, the reasons for patent protection of transgenic animals in China are explained. The third part is the analysis of patent feasibility of transgenic animals. Through the theoretical dispute about the patentable object of transgenic animal, the patent of transgenic animal, The analysis of the essential examination standard of the patent of transgenic animals shows that the patent protection of transgenic animals can be carried out in our country and some challenges faced by the patent protection of transgenic animals in our country and some problems needing attention in the process of implementing the system. The fourth part mainly explores the patent system of transgenic animals in China. First of all, it briefly lists the laws and regulations on the protection of transgenic animals in China, then analyzes the problems that our country faces in the field of protection of genetically modified animals, and finally puts forward some suggestions for the related problems. In order to provide some help for the establishment and improvement of transgenic animal protection system in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.42

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