表见代理中的被代理人可归责性

发布时间：2018-04-24 23:04

本文选题：表见代理 + 善意取得　；参考：《法学研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：关于表见代理,民法总则延续了合同法的规定形式,就表见代理构成中是否要求被代理人的可归责性仍然不清晰。采取积极信赖保护方式的善意取得和表见代理具有结构相似性,可透过善意取得规范抽取出权利外观责任的一般性评价,因此,与善意取得的构成相一致,表见代理的构成中也应包括被代理人的可归责性,且应采取风险归责原则予以解释和具体构建。该原则具有动态综合权衡的特征,为实现确定性可予以具体化。此时应区分不同案例类型,比较权衡行为人的信息成本、被代理人的防免成本、被代理人是否获益、双方的救济成本和商事交易的特性等因素,分别予以实质性论证,将风险归责原则具体化到不同案例类型的规则中。同时,即使被代理人不具有可归责性因此不承担积极信赖保护责任,但其仍可能要承担消极信赖保护责任,以实现法律后果方面的比较权衡。
[Abstract]:As for apparent agency, the general rule of civil law extends the stipulation form of contract law, and it is not clear whether the principal is required to be imputable in the constitution of apparent agency. The bona fide acquisition and apparent agency adopted positive trust protection have similar structure and can extract the general evaluation of the right appearance responsibility through the bona fide acquisition norm. Therefore, it is consistent with the constitution of bona fide acquisition. The composition of apparent agency should also include the liability of the principal, and the principle of risk imputation should be adopted to explain and construct it. This principle has the characteristic of dynamic synthesis tradeoff and can be concretized to realize certainty. At this time, we should distinguish different types of cases, compare and weigh the information cost of the perpetrator, the cost of prevention and exemption of the principal, whether the principal benefits, the relief cost of both parties and the characteristics of the commercial transaction, etc. The principle of risk imputation is concretized into the rules of different case types. At the same time, even if the principal does not have imputability and therefore does not bear the responsibility of active trust protection, it may still have to bear the liability of negative trust protection in order to achieve a comparative balance of legal consequences.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心;中国人民大学法学院;
【基金】：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)的项目成果(批准号:15XNI002)
【分类号】：D923.1

【相似文献】