大数据时代个人数据民法保护问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 14:00

本文选题：大数据 + 个人数据　；参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：大数据是近些年才出现在众人视野的新名词,但自出现以来一直备受瞩目。近年来随着大数据挖掘、分析等大数据技术的广泛、深度应用,几乎我们每个人的生活都已被大数据慢慢渗透。我们都知道,大数据的“原材料”中有很大一部分是来自于个人数据,而个人数据是与每个人息息相关的,它涉及到个人的人格问题以及财产问题,尤其是在大数据背景下,这种牵涉更甚。在西方法学界,有关如何对个人数据信息进行保护的探讨由来已久,相关的立法、学术研究已经十分繁多,但这些基本上都是在传统信息网络背景下作出的,较少结合大数据时代背景,因此相关的学说、立法在新的技术变革中已显现出滞后性,虽然新一轮的研究与探讨正在进行,但目前仍旧是分歧较多未有定论。在我国,有关个人数据信息的保护规范本就是既不完备也不统一,主要是较为零散地规定在特定领域或行业的特殊管理规范中,可以说这些不太充分的零散法律法规在保护一般性的个人信息隐私方面已经显现出诸多不足,更不用说在大数据背景下对个人数据安全予以保护。个人数据保护问题主要是民法上的问题,我国民法层面上对大数据的规制几乎是空白,因此新的个人数据民法保护体系需要进一步构建。基于此,本文首先总体阐述了大数据的概念、特征,个人数据在大数据背景下的界定、个人数据处理等基础理论知识,随后详细列出了大数据背景下个人数据在搜集、储存、使用以及交易过程中所面临的新安全隐患,并基于此深入分析了产生这些安全问题的原因以及新形势下对个人数据加强保护的必要性,继而比较分析了欧、美、日各国的个人数据保护立法,并简要提出了我国自这些立法中的可借鉴之处,最后本文在比较中西方有关大数据背景下个人数据民法保护各代表学说观点的基础上,从确立个人数据权尤其是个人数据财产权角度对我国的个人数据民法保护提出了一些自己的建议。
[Abstract]:Big data is a new term appearing in the field of vision in recent years, but it has been attracting much attention since its emergence. In recent years, with big data excavating, analyzing and so on, big data technology is widely and deeply applied, almost everyone's life has been gradually infiltrated by big data. As we all know, a large part of big data's "raw material" comes from personal data, which is relevant to everyone, and it involves personal personality and property issues, especially in the context of big data. This is even more involved. In the western legal circles, the discussion on how to protect personal data information has a long history, the relevant legislation, academic research has been very numerous, but these are basically made in the context of the traditional information network. Less combination of big data era background, so the relevant theory, legislation in the new technological change has shown lag, although a new round of research and discussion is under way, but there are still many differences have not been concluded. In our country, the protection standard of personal data information is neither complete nor uniform, and it is mainly stipulated in the special management norms of specific fields or industries in a more piecemeal manner. It can be said that these inadequate and fragmented laws and regulations have shown many shortcomings in protecting the privacy of general personal information, not to mention the protection of personal data security under the background of big data. The protection of personal data is mainly a problem in civil law, and the regulation of big data in civil law is almost blank. Therefore, the new civil protection system of personal data needs to be further constructed. Based on this, this paper first gives a general description of big data's concept, characteristics, definition of personal data in the background of big data, personal data processing and other basic theoretical knowledge, and then lists in detail the collection and storage of personal data under the background of big data. Based on the analysis of the causes of these security problems and the necessity of strengthening the protection of personal data under the new situation, the paper compares Europe and the United States. The personal data protection legislation of various countries in Japan, and briefly put forward the reference points of our country from these legislations. Finally, this paper compares the views of the representatives of the civil law protection of personal data in the background of big data in China and the West. From the angle of establishing personal data right, especially personal data property right, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the protection of personal data civil law in our country.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D913

【共引文献】