微商合同订立问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 08:08

本文选题：微信平台 + 微信朋友圈　；参考：《天津商业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为微信衍生出来的一种新的交易模式,微商是从微信“朋友圈”功能上线以后出现并发展的,并以其方便快捷的特点被人们熟知,并活跃在我们的日常生活中。微商给传统的合同法和法律带来了新的挑战,如何从法律和合同法的角度看待这种新的交易模式是当前需要解决的问题,微商本身的产生是基于微信平台和人际关系,它呈现出来的是一种比较创新的交易模式,仅仅从合同法和现行的法律法规的相关规定来规制并不全面。微商是基于微信平台,通过微信聊天窗口进行一系列交易行为的一种新的移动社交电子商务模式,微商卖家通过在微信平台的聊天窗口和微信“朋友圈”以文字、语音、视频或者图片的形式来营销自己销售的商品,实现商品信息在不同的微信用户之间进行分享和传播,有时候通过熟人推荐的方式来增加商品的关注度,实现商品销量的提高。作为一种新型的移动电商模式,微商主要是使用微信平台个人微信用户或者企业微信用户,利用微信这种社交网络平台开设微店铺,进而销售商品的一种新的购物模式。如果从微商卖家主体的形式不同来对微商进行的简要划分,微商可以分为两种模式:B2C商模式和C2C微商模式,基于微信平台中“通讯录”模块中“微店”这种基于公众号平台开设店铺进行微商经营活动的情况称为B2C微商,基于微信“发现”功能下的朋友圈和微信聊天窗口进行微商经营活动的微商的称为C2C微商。通过这两种不同的经营模式签订的合同分别是:作为微信用户的消费者与使用微信平台进行经营活动的企业签订的合同,和作为微信用户的消费者与个人微商卖家签订的合同。微商合同是指经营者和消费者以微信平台作为基础的,交易双方根据在微信朋友圈上展示的相关商品信息,通过微信平台交流的方式订立的一种移动电子商务合同。微商合同有自身的特殊性,与传统电商合同虽然存在着一定的区别,但是微商合同也不能独立于传统合同法的理论而存在。由于微商是在微信这一特殊的交流平台产生的,在订立微商合同的过程中体现出了很多与传统电商合同的不同,微商合同的订立是整个微商活动的基础环节,因为合同的订立关系到合同是否有约束力合同是否会存在的问题。研究微商合同订立中的问题的主要目的是为了区分微商合同是否有效成立,只有微商合同成立的情况下,才能明确作为微信用户的交易双方当事人之间的权利义务问题。因此研究微商合同订立问题应该着眼于微商合同订立的整个宏观的过程,即从磋商订立再到合同成立的过程,采用比较分析的方法对微商合同订立的特点、产生的争议和法律适用问题进行研究。首先对微商合同和微商合同订立的概念进行简单的概述,这有助于在对微商合同订立问题展开阐述的时候做好基础,因为有关微商合同订立问题都是随着微商的特性与传统电商不同展开的,通过对比微商合同和传统合同的不同得出微商合同订立的特殊性。其次对微商合同订立中的主体问题入手对未成年人在微商合同中的缔约能力进行了阐述和总结。接下来是研究微商合同订立过程中的程序性问题,针对微商合同中要约和承诺要进行不同的理解,要兼顾微商交易的特征,提出微商中要约与承诺这两种意思表示的生效要采取“了解生效”和“到达主义”并存原则,并指出微商中邀约和承诺的撤回应该是以允许撤回为原则,同时对于微商邀约和要约邀请的关系进行了简要分析。最后并对微商合同中涉及的订立主体的缔约能力问题、行为法律后果进行了分析,对微商合同中微商合同的成立时间和地点问题基于微商中承诺生效问题进行了相关论述。
[Abstract]:As a new trading model derived from WeChat, micro business has emerged and developed after the "circle of friends" function of WeChat. It is well known and active in our daily life with its convenient and quick characteristics. Micro business brings new challenges to the traditional contract law and law, and how from the perspective of law and contract law. Looking at this new trading mode is a problem that needs to be solved at present. The production of the micro business itself is based on the WeChat platform and the interpersonal relationship. It presents a relatively innovative trading mode, only from the relevant provisions of the contract law and the existing laws and regulations. The micro business is based on the WeChat platform and chatted through WeChat. A new mobile social e-business model for a series of transactions. Micro merchants sell their products in the form of text, voice, video or pictures in the chat window of the WeChat platform and the "circle of friends" of WeChat to share and disseminate the commodity information between different WeChat users. As a new type of mobile e-commerce model, micro merchants are mainly using WeChat platform individual WeChat users or enterprise WeChat users, using the social network platform of WeChat to set up micro shops, and then sell a new shopping model of goods. The micro quotient can be divided into two modes: the B2C business model and the C2C micro business model, based on the "micro store" in the "address book" module in the WeChat platform, which is based on the public number platform in the WeChat platform, which is called the micro merchant, based on WeChat. The "discovery" function of the friend circle and the WeChat chat window for micro business operations are called C2C micro merchants. Contracts signed by these two different operating modes are contracts signed by consumers of WeChat users with the operating activities of the WeChat platform, and consumers as consumers of WeChat. A contract signed by a personal micro merchant. A micro business contract is a kind of mobile e-commerce contract between the operators and consumers on the WeChat platform based on the related commodity information displayed on the WeChat circle. The micro business contract has its own particularity and the traditional e-commerce contract. Although there are certain differences, the micro business contract can not exist independently of the traditional contract law. Because the micro business is produced on the special exchange platform of WeChat, there are many differences between the micro business contract and the traditional e-commerce contract. The conclusion of the micro business contract is the basic ring of the whole micro business activity. Since the conclusion of the contract is related to the existence of a binding contract in the contract, the main purpose of the study of the problems in the conclusion of the contract is to distinguish whether the contract is valid or not, and only when the contract is established can the rights and obligations between the parties to the transaction of the WeChat users be clearly defined. Therefore, the study of the contract formation of the micro merchants should focus on the whole macro process of the conclusion of the micro business contract, that is, from the conclusion of the negotiation to the process of the establishment of the contract, the comparative analysis method is used to study the characteristics of the conclusion of the contract and the problems of the application of the law. A simple overview of the concept will help to do a good job of making a good foundation for the question of the formation of a micro business contract, because the problems related to the formation of a micro business contract are different with the traditional business, and the particularity of the micro business contract is obtained by comparing the difference between the micro business contract and the traditional contract. Starting with the main problem in the conclusion of the contract, this paper expounds and summarizes the contracting ability of minors in the contract of micro business. The next is to study the procedural problems in the process of concluding the contract of the micro merchants. In the light of the different understanding of the offer and commitment in the contract of the micro business, we should take into account the characteristics of the micro business transaction and put forward the offer and the promise in the micro business. The two means of meaning should take the principle of "understanding effective" and "reaching doctrine", and point out that the withdrawal of contract and commitment in the micro business should be based on the principle of allowing withdrawal. At the same time, the relationship between the invitation of micro merchants and the invitation of the offer is briefly analyzed. Finally, the ability of contracting parties involved in the contract of micro business is concluded. The legal consequences of the behavior are analyzed. The time and place of the micro merchant contract in the micro business contract are discussed based on the effect of the commitment to the micro merchants.

【学位授予单位】：天津商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.6

【参考文献】