融资租赁登记公示制度的建构——以民法典合同编融资租赁合同章的修改为中心

发布时间：2018-05-15 15:17

本文选题：民法典合同编 + 合同编总则　；参考：《河南社会科学》2017年06期

【摘要】：2017年3月15日,第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过了《民法总则》,我国迎来了"民法典时代"。在《民法总则》通过后,立法机关正式启动民法典分则的编纂工作,包括物权编、合同编、侵权责任编、婚姻家庭编、继承编等。合同编作为其中的重要一环,涉及民商事交往的方方面面,编纂难度大、面临挑战多。在此背景下,对合同编编纂的相关法律问题进行深入研究,充分发挥专家学者的智慧和力量,为立法机关建言献策,具有重大意义。在本组研究中,谢鸿飞研究员指出了合同编总则编纂面临的两个约束性条件,提出应坚持尊重现行法律秩序、重视民商合一与民商分立、区分普通法与特别法的立法思路,同时认为不宜根本性地改变《合同法》的法律结构,并对合同编总则的一些重要制度提出了相应的完善建议。高圣平教授认为,融资租赁登记公示制度的缺失不利于当事人权利的保护且危及交易安全,建议在我国既有的体系安排之下,采取登记公示出租人所有权的模式,同时就不动产和特殊动产融资租赁辅之以登记公示承租人的租赁权;在制度重构时,应在民法典合同编融资租赁合同章规定普通动产融资租赁登记的对抗效力,不强制当事人登记;在程序设计上,应构建基于互联网的电子化登记系统,由当事人单方自主登记,登记机构仅作形式审查。曹兴权教授指出,《合同法》第四十二条创设的一般性缔约信息主动披露义务规则,虽有助于彰显诚信但也呈现出过度强制而损及交易公平乃至效率之弊。为避免强制信息披露义务制度的失败,民法典应理顺不得虚假陈述与不得故意欺诈的关系,通过一般规定与特别规定、原则与除外等立法技术进行完善,对询问回答及其他替代性程序的引入、行业习惯之于评价信息披露合理性的意义、技术对信息披露义务的特别影响等问题进行回应。本专题所组的3篇文章从上述3个视角对民法典合同编的编纂提出了各自的思路和建议,期望本组研究能为民法典合同编的编纂以及学者的相关研究提供参考和借鉴。《河南社会科学》将持续关注我国的民法典编纂工作,也将继续组织相关方面的选题策划,欢迎各位专家学者参与我们的讨论并赐稿。
[Abstract]:On March 15, 2017, the Fifth session of the Twelfth National people's Congress adopted the General principles of Civil Law, which ushered in the Civil Code era. After the adoption of the General principles of Civil Law, the legislature officially started the codification of the Civil Code, including the compilation of property rights, contracts, tort liability, marriage and family, inheritance, and so on. As an important part of the contract compilation, it involves all aspects of civil and commercial communication, so it is difficult to compile and faces many challenges. In this context, it is of great significance to make a thorough study on the relevant legal issues of the compilation of contracts, to give full play to the wisdom and strength of experts and scholars, and to make suggestions for the legislature. In this study, Xie Hongfei pointed out the two binding conditions facing the compilation of the general principles of the contract, and put forward that we should adhere to respect for the current legal order, attach importance to the unification of the civil and commercial sectors and the separation of the civil and commercial sectors, and distinguish the common law from the special law. At the same time, it is unsuitable to change the legal structure of contract Law fundamentally, and puts forward the corresponding perfect suggestions to some important systems of the general principles of contract compilation. Professor Gao Shengping believes that the absence of the public notice system of financial lease registration is not conducive to the protection of the rights of the parties and endangers the security of the transaction. It is suggested that under the existing system arrangement in China, the mode of ownership of the registered public lessor should be adopted. At the same time, the financial lease of immovable property and special movable property is supplemented by the lease right of registered public lessee; when the system is reconstructed, the counterproductive effect of ordinary movable property financial lease registration should be stipulated in the contract of the Civil Code. In program design, the electronic registration system based on Internet should be constructed, which is independently registered by the parties, and the registration institution only makes formal examination. Professor Cao Xingquan pointed out that the general rules of voluntary disclosure of information under Article 42 of the contract Law may be helpful to demonstrate good faith but also present the disadvantages of excessive coercion to the detriment of trade fairness and even efficiency. In order to avoid the failure of compulsory information disclosure obligation system, the Civil Code should straighten out the relationship between no false statement and no intentional fraud, and perfect it through general and special provisions, principles and other legislative techniques. This paper responds to the introduction of inquiry answers and other alternative procedures, the significance of industry habits in evaluating the reasonableness of information disclosure, and the special impact of technology on information disclosure obligations. From the above three perspectives, three articles of this topic put forward their own ideas and suggestions on the compilation of civil code contract books. It is hoped that this study can provide reference and reference for the compilation of civil code contract and the relevant research of scholars. Henan Social Sciences will continue to pay attention to the codification of civil code in our country, and will also continue to organize related topics and plans. Experts and scholars are welcome to participate in our discussion and draft.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心;
【基金】：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)研究品牌计划基础研究项目(17XNI001)
【分类号】：D923

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