论让与担保制度在我国的构建

发布时间：2018-05-29 18:05

本文选题：让与担保 + 所有权移转　；参考：《安徽大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：让与担保制度因其独特的担保方式和担保功能在我国引起颇多争议。问题主要存在两个方面：一是让与担保制度有没有存在的价值；二是如果存在价值,如何对其进行规制。具体而言,让与担保制度是指债务人为担保其对个人所负债务而将应属于其个人的财产移转至债权人名下,但通常占有状态不改变的一种制度。让与担保的标的物包括动产和质权。让与担保制度是一种克服了传统担保制度标的为物的使用权的缺陷而兴起的一种新型的担保方式。一方面,他有效的实现了财产所有权与财产使用权的结合,更有利于社会资源的优化配置,为债权人的债权提供了有力保障。另一方面,让与担保制度满足了市场的要求,起到了促进社会经济发展的作用。虽然我国立法没有明确规定让与担保制度,但在我国民商事活动中却屡见其踪影,其也与期待权理论有很大的契合之处。很多以让与担保法理为基础的民事行为出现现实生活中,涉及让与担保制度的司法判例近年来随着市场经济的发展更是比比皆是。有鉴于此,笔者认为,应在法律和实践中认可让与担保制度。本文对于构建我国让与担保制度的妥当性、必要性、可行性主要是从理论和实务两个层面进行分析的；指出我国可将让与担保制度放置于整个民商法体系及相关部门法中,进行体系性规定,而不对其进行专门统一立法,并草拟了相关法条,对我国构建让与担保制度提供了良好的建议。本文主要从三个方面对让与担保制度进行阐述。第一个方面阐述了让与担保的概念及我国构建让与担保的必要性和可行性。本部分通过大陆学界对让与担保的理解,指出让与担保是以信用为基础的标的权利的整体移转特点。让与担保虽在我国没有被明确立法,但在我国社会经济活动中早已存在以让与担保法理为基础的实践活动,如果法律不作规定,将造成法律与实践脱节,于维护经济秩序和法律秩序不利,因此,有必要对我国让与担保进行明确立法；从对让与担保制度与“流质契约”、“物权法定原则”进行的比较,得出让与担保制度并不违反我国民事基本法律理论,并根据国外让与担保制度的成功经验,论证我国构建让与担保制度的可行性。第二个方面为从比较法的角度对让与担保的进行分析及其对构建我国让与担保制度的借鉴,主要从让与担保的设定和效力、公示、法律构成、规制模式等制度进行分析,提出我国构建让与担保可以采取体系性的规制模式,将让与担保置于整个民商法体系内进行规制,以充分发挥让与担保制度的社会效用；第三个方面是主要论述在立法中如何构建我国的让与担保度。本部分通过对德日等国家和地区让与担保的规制情况进行比较、分析,通过对这些国家法律对让与担保的制度的具体规定及相关说明进行列举,指出我国可在民法总则以及民法典物权编和债权编中对让与担保进行明确规定,并草拟了相关法条,具有良好的启发性。
[Abstract]:The system of transfer guarantee has caused considerable controversy in our country because of its unique guarantee mode and guarantee function. There are two main problems: one is the value of the transfer guarantee system, and the two is how to regulate it if it has value. In particular, the obligor means that the debtor is guaranteed to be in debt to the individual. To transfer their personal property to the name of the creditor, but usually occupies a system that does not change. The subject matter of transfer and guarantee includes chattel and pledge. The system of assignment guarantee is a new type of guarantee which has been developed to overcome the defects of the use right of the traditional guarantee system. On the one hand, he is effective. It realizes the combination of property ownership and the right to use property, is more conducive to the optimal allocation of social resources, and provides a strong guarantee for the creditor's rights. On the other hand, the transfer guarantee system meets the requirements of the market and plays a role in promoting social and economic development. Although China's legislation does not specify the system of transfer guarantee, but In our national commercial activities, it has been seen repeatedly, and it also has a great agreement with the theory of expectation right. Many civil actions based on the law of alienation and guarantee appear in the real life, and the judicial precedents involving the system of transfer guarantee are more than all in recent years with the development of the market economy. In this paper, the appropriateness, necessity and feasibility of building our country assignment guarantee system are mainly analyzed from two aspects of theory and practice. It is pointed out that our country can put the transfer guarantee system in the whole civil and commercial law system and the relevant department law to carry out systematic regulation, but not to do it. The door unified legislation, and drafted the relevant law, and provided good suggestions for the construction of the system of transfer guarantee in China. This article mainly expounds the system of transfer guarantee from three aspects. The first aspect expounds the concept of transfer guarantee and the necessity and feasibility of constructing the transfer guarantee in our country. It is pointed out that the transfer guarantee is the whole transfer characteristic of the right of the standard based on the credit. Although the transfer guarantee has not been explicitly legislates in our country, it has already existed in the social and economic activities of our country, which is based on the law of guarantee. If the law does not stipulate, it will cause the disconnection between the law and practice, and maintain the economic rank. The order and the legal order are unfavourable, therefore, it is necessary to make clear legislation on our country's transfer guarantee. From the comparison of the transfer guarantee system and the "flow quality contract" and the "legal principle of real right", it is concluded that the system of transfer guarantee does not violate the basic civil law theory of our country, and demonstrates our country according to the successful experience of the foreign transfer guarantee system. The second aspects are the analysis of the transfer guarantee from the perspective of comparative law and the reference to the construction of our country's guarantee system. It is mainly from the setting and effectiveness of the transfer guarantee, the publicity, the legal constitution, the regulation mode and so on. It is suggested that the construction of the guarantee for the construction of our country can be taken to adopt the system. The regulation mode of sexual regulation puts the transfer guarantee into the whole civil and commercial law system to make full use of the social utility of the transfer guarantee system; the third part is the main discussion on how to construct our country's degree of guarantee in the legislation. This part compares, analyzes and analyzes the regulations on the transfer of security in Germany, Japan and other countries and regions. After enumerating the specific provisions and relevant instructions of these state laws on the system of transfer and guarantee, it is pointed out that our country can clearly stipulate in the general provisions of the civil law, the real right of the civil code and the compiling of the creditor's rights, and draw up the relevant law, which is of good enlightenment.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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