农民集体成员权制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 04:22

本文选题：成员权 + 成员资格　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国农民集体成员权作为一种民法上特殊的身份权,关系着农民集体社会的生存保障问题,具有民法上私权利的属性。作为一种私法上的权利,根据权利行使目的的不同,农民集体成员权可分解为共益权和自益权两个部分。对我国集体中的成员而言,农民集体成员权无疑是一项不可或缺的权利,但目前我国仍缺乏该方面的明确立法规定,而仅仅在部分法律条文中可见其模糊身影,不能为明确保护农民集体成员权提供充足的依据,由此导致实践中集体成员行使权利无完善法律依据可寻。实践中,成员权的保障与农民集体之间的关系纷繁复杂,其权利实现的途径也并不通畅。同时,立法规定的缺失,也致使农民权益的维护与救济之路困难重重。从实践中看,由于现行立法关于成员权规定的不到位,致使成员权资格的确认标准、认定程序参差不齐,使得农村土地承包权的行使、宅基地分配权的实现以及集体经济利益的获得等产生了较多纠纷,从而阻碍了成员权的行使,使得集体组织的成员不得不面临成员权行使不充分、成员权被侵害无法得到救济等困境。因此,本文通过对我国立法关于集体成员权制度规定的讨论,完善农民集体成员权的救济制度。本文认为,理论与实践中对于农民集体成员资格的认定户籍标准、户籍加年龄标准、事实标准均不可取,应采用折中主义标准,即,在将户籍作为标准之一的同时,还将成员在组织中实际承担的责任也纳入考虑的范围内。为防止成员权的滥用,立法应当限制农民集体成员权,即当农民集体因成员的行为而遭受重大损害时,农民集体应有权惩罚该成员,借以限制成员的权利,防止其滥用权利,危及他们和集体;对于成员权的救济程序,通过行政诉讼对农村集体经济组织成员权纠纷进行解决具有一定的局限性,相比之下,通过民事途径解决更具优势。防止集体自治权滥用,应构建具体的村民自治决议撤销之诉制度,即如果起诉仅是主张集体决议侵犯个人权益的,不应限制起诉人数比例;如果是涉及集体整体利益的,应当至少要求半数以上成员起诉。
[Abstract]:As a kind of special status right in civil law, the collective membership right of peasants in our country is related to the survival guarantee of peasant collective society and has the attribute of private right in civil law. As a right in private law, the collective membership right of peasants can be divided into two parts: the co-beneficial right and the self-beneficial right according to the difference of the purpose of exercising the right. To the members of the collective of our country, the collective membership right of peasants is undoubtedly an indispensable right, but at present our country still lacks the clear legislation stipulation in this aspect, but only in some legal provisions it is vague. It can not provide sufficient basis for the clear protection of peasants' collective members' rights, which leads to the lack of perfect legal basis for collective members to exercise their rights in practice. In practice, the relationship between the protection of membership rights and peasant collectives is complicated, and the way to realize their rights is not smooth. At the same time, the lack of legislation also makes the protection and relief of farmers' rights and interests difficult. In practice, because the current legislation on the right of membership is not in place, resulting in the membership of the qualification criteria, the identification procedures are uneven, making the exercise of rural land contract right, The realization of the distribution right of the homestead and the acquisition of the collective economic benefits have produced more disputes, which have hindered the exercise of the membership right, and made the members of the collective organization have to face the insufficient exercise of the membership right. The member right is infringed cannot obtain the relief and so on difficult position. Therefore, this article consummates the relief system of peasants' collective membership right through the discussion of our country's legislation about collective membership right system. This paper holds that the criterion of household registration, the criterion of household registration plus age, and the standard of fact should be adopted in theory and practice, that is, the criterion of eclecticism should be adopted, that is, taking household registration as one of the criteria. The actual responsibilities of members in the organization are also taken into account. In order to prevent the abuse of the members' rights, the legislation should restrict the peasants' collective members' rights, that is, when the peasant collective suffers significant harm as a result of the member's behavior, the peasant collective should have the right to punish the member so as to limit the members' rights and prevent them from abusing their rights. Endangers them and the collective; to the member right relief procedure, through the administrative lawsuit to the rural collective economic organization member rights dispute has the certain limitation, by contrast, through the civil way solution has the superiority. In order to prevent the abuse of collective autonomy, a specific system of revocation of villagers' autonomy resolution should be established, that is, if the prosecution is only for the infringement of individual rights and interests by collective resolution, the proportion of persons prosecuted should not be restricted; if the collective interests are involved, At least half of the members shall be required to sue.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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