共同遗嘱的裁判困境及其出路

发布时间：2018-06-03 19:41

本文选题：共同遗嘱 + 生效时间　；参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：遗嘱继承作为我国《继承法》中规定的与法定继承相对应的一种继承方式,是我国《继承法》的重要组成部分,在我国继承制度中具有重要的法律地位。随着社会生活的不断发展,公民的财产数量不断增长,财产权利意识明显增强,实践中越来越多地出现了夫妻间订立共同遗嘱的现象,而对于共同遗嘱,我国在立法上没有作出明确规定,这就导致在共同遗嘱引发纠纷时,司法部门对此认识不一,法律适用的标准也不一。经常会有同案异判的现象出现。理论界对此也是众说纷纭。但是,毫无疑问,随着民间对此种遗嘱类型的大量采用,共同遗嘱越来越凸显为一个重要的法律问题,迫切需要从法律上对共同遗嘱进行规制,为实践操作提供导向。本文正是从这一客观现实状况出发,从对各法院关于共同遗嘱纠纷相关案例的梳理入手,对共同遗嘱的基本理论及国内外相关立法进行了考察和评析,在兼听各方观点的情况下,针对我国当前的裁判者面临的共同遗嘱纠纷案件的困境提出自己的法律对策和立法建议,以期完善我国相关遗嘱继承理论,为裁判者解决此类案件提供自己的一点意见和建议。在结构上,本文共分为四个部分。第一部分是问题的提出。在本部分,通过对近年来各法院相关共同遗嘱纠纷典型案例进行梳理,引出了本文要讨论的几个主要问题。其中,共同遗嘱的性质、生效时间、变更和撤销以及遗嘱标的物变更时遗嘱的执行力问题司法实务界现尚无统一的裁判标准,导致了同案异判现象经常出现,该部分提出了本文需要解决的问题。第二部分是法理分析部分。这部分是全文的重点,在这部分内容中笔者对共同遗嘱存在的需要解决的问题从法理上深入进行分析,在分析学者们的观点的基础上提出自己的观点,这部分内容在全文中具有导向作用。第三部分是在前两部分的基础上总结出共同遗嘱继承纠纷案件的裁判困境的法律对策。从一个审判者的角度,提出在审理中应注意审查的内容以及相关案件的法律适用的建议。第四部分乃是结语,简单总结了这篇文章的所有论点对我国的共同遗嘱制度提出相关的立法建议。建议我国在立法上确立共同遗嘱制度。
[Abstract]:Testate succession, as an important part of succession law, is an important part of succession law, and has an important legal status in the succession system of our country. With the continuous development of social life, the number of citizens' property is increasing, the awareness of property rights is obviously enhanced. In practice, more and more couples make a common will, but for the common will, There is no clear stipulation in legislation in our country, which leads to the different understanding of the common will and the standard of application of the law. There is often a phenomenon of different judgments in the same case. There are different opinions on this in the theoretical circle. However, there is no doubt that with the widespread adoption of this type of will, the common will is increasingly highlighted as an important legal issue. It is urgent to regulate the common will from the legal point of view to provide guidance for practical operation. Based on this objective reality, this paper reviews and comments on the basic theory of the common will and the relevant legislation at home and abroad by combing the relevant cases of the common will dispute in various courts. At the same time listening to the views of the parties, the author puts forward his own legal countermeasures and legislative suggestions to improve the theory of testamentary succession in China in view of the dilemma of the common will dispute cases faced by the current judges in our country. Provide some advice and advice for the referee to resolve such cases. In terms of structure, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the proposal of the problem. In this part, by combing the typical cases of common testamentary disputes in various courts in recent years, some main problems to be discussed in this paper are brought forward. Among them, the nature of the common will, the effective time, the change and revocation as well as the execution of the will when the subject matter of the will is changed there is no uniform judgment standard in the judicial practice, which leads to the phenomenon of the same case and different judgment often appearing. In this part, the problems that need to be solved are put forward. The second part is the legal theory analysis part. This part is the focus of the full text. In this part, the author makes a deep analysis of the problems that need to be solved in the common will, and puts forward his own point of view on the basis of the analysis of the views of the scholars. This part of the content in the full text has a guiding role. The third part summarizes the legal countermeasures of adjudication dilemma of testamentary succession cases on the basis of the first two parts. From the point of view of a judge, the author suggests that attention should be paid to the contents of the review and the application of the law in the relevant cases. The fourth part is the conclusion, briefly summarizes all the arguments of this article on the common will system of our country to put forward the relevant legislative suggestions. It is suggested that our country establish the system of common will in legislation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.5

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