我国孤儿作品保护制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 07:08

本文选题：孤儿作品 + 法定许可　；参考：《安徽财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：孤儿作品是指在著作权保护期限内,著作权人下落不明或无法取得联系,而使用人又必须取得授权才可以加以利用的作品。从自动保护原则确立并被各成员国普遍接受之后,大量的孤儿作品便因此产生。加之著作权保护期限较长、版权保护意识不高以及网络信息的快速发展等原因使孤儿作品问题更加严重。孤儿作品的核心问题是存在利用法困境,即无法通过正常途径合法利用孤儿作品。因为在著作权法体系下,对他人作品的利用需要获得授权,否则就是侵权,要承担相应的侵权责任。但孤儿作品的著作权人因下落不明或无法取得联系,使使用人无法获得相应授权。面对这种情况,使用人有两种选择：一是放弃使用,规避可能出现的侵权风险；二是冒险侵权使用并寄希望于著作权人不再复出。前者是对社会资源的极大浪费,同时会阻碍演绎作品的产生；而后者会助长侵权之风和增加维权成本,这都是著作权法应极力避免的情况。目前国外对孤儿作品的研究已经初具成果,但是我国对孤儿作品的研究力度远远不够,在法律体系中也没有专门针对孤儿作品的规定。即使是在著作权法第三次修改草案中增加了关于孤儿作品的原则性规定,但仍需进一步完善。本文首先对孤儿作品的内涵、产生原因及解决的必要性等情况进行分析,为进一步的研究奠定理论基础；同时借鉴外国保护模式的相关经验,主要有美国的侵权责任模式,欧盟的合法使用模式、英国的法定许可模式以及日本的强制许可模式。因为我国对孤儿作品的研究起步较晚,而国外对此的研究已经取得初步的成效,所以对国外相关经验的学习有助于我国的孤儿作品利用问题的解决；但是要建立一套适合我国的孤儿作品保护制度,就必须结合我国孤儿作品发展现状和已有的相关规定,在此基础上才能确定采用何种方案对我国孤儿作品加以保护,并进一步具体构建。
[Abstract]:Orphan works refer to works in which the whereabouts of copyright owners are unknown or cannot be contacted within the term of copyright protection, and the users must obtain authorization to make use of them. Since the principle of automatic protection was established and generally accepted by the member states, a large number of orphaned works were produced as a result. In addition, the long term of copyright protection, the low awareness of copyright protection and the rapid development of network information make the problem of orphan works more serious. The core problem of orphan works is that there is a dilemma of utilization law, that is, it is impossible to use orphans' works legally through normal ways. Because under the copyright law system, the use of other people's works needs to be authorized, otherwise it is tort and should bear the corresponding tort liability. However, the copyright owner of the orphan works is unable to obtain the appropriate authorization because of the whereabouts of the copyright owner or unable to contact him. Faced with this situation, the user has two choices: one is to give up the use to avoid the possible risk of infringement; the other is to risk the use of infringement and hope that the copyright owner will not return. The former is a great waste of social resources and will hinder the production of deductive works, while the latter will encourage the wind of infringement and increase the cost of safeguarding rights, which should be avoided by copyright law. At present, there have been some achievements in the study of orphans' works in foreign countries, but the research on orphans' works in our country is far from enough, and there is no special regulation on orphans' works in the legal system. Even though the third revised draft of copyright Law contains the principle of orphan works, it still needs to be further improved. In this paper, we first analyze the connotation, causes and necessity of orphans' works, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for further research. At the same time, we can learn from the relevant experiences of foreign protection models, mainly the tort liability model of the United States. The EU's legal use model, the UK's statutory licensing model and Japan's compulsory licensing model. Because of the late start of the research on orphans in our country, and the initial results of the research abroad, the study of the relevant experience of foreign countries is helpful to solve the problem of the utilization of orphans' works in our country. However, in order to establish a suitable protection system for orphans' works in our country, we must combine the present situation of the development of our country's orphans' works and the existing relevant regulations, and on this basis, we can determine which scheme to protect our country's orphans' works. And further concrete construction.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.41

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