共同抵押权的实现机制

发布时间：2018-06-19 06:40

本文选题：共同抵押 + 实现机制　；参考：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：共同抵押权也叫做总括抵押权或聚合抵押权,是指为担保同一个债权而在数项不动产、动产或权利上设定的抵押权。共同抵押权一方面通过将多项财产的交换价值加以积累,以便更有效地确保债权的清偿;另一方面可以分散抵押物的危险。单一的抵押物难保不出现一些情况导致其价值发生改变。如果单一的抵押物出现损坏、灭失或其他情况导致其价值减少时候。而共同抵押能够分散风险,保障债权受清偿的力度,共同抵押权提供多个抵押物来共同担保同一债权。共同抵押是抵押制度中非常重要的一个方面,主要的民法国家对此都有较为详细的规定。但是在我国现行法律中,并没有共同抵押这一制度的规定。涉及该权利实现的相关规定又存在着逻辑问题,使得实践中法院在适用这些规定时也存在不统一、不合理之处。本论文主要分为四个章节论述共同抵押权的实现机制。首先综述重要大陆法系国家共同抵押权的规定状况以及理论研究情况,并介绍我国学术界对于共同抵押权制度的研究发展状况。对比可知,我国对于共同抵押制度的研究并不充分。对于该项制度研究比较详细的有日本和我国台湾地区。其次从我国现行法律规定和适用方面说明我国在共同抵押权实现上存在的问题,主要包括三个方面:一是我国现有条文自身逻辑矛盾,二是缺乏与其他抵押权之间关系的规定,第三是在实践中关于共同抵押权的实现存在着很多问题。要解决这些问题,就要根据国内外理论与法条规定情况总结出普通共同抵押权的实现机制,主要包括共同抵押人承担份额和物上保证人、后次序抵押人的相关权利。分情况确定共同抵押人应该承担的金额,同时赋予物上保证人、后次序抵押人代位权和追偿权。最后论述特殊抵押权的相关问题。综上,得出结论我国民法应明文规定共同抵押权,并理顺现有条文中的逻辑问题,完善相关规定以指导实践。
[Abstract]:Common mortgage is also called omnibus mortgage or aggregate mortgage. It refers to the mortgage on several immovable property, movable property or rights to guarantee the same creditor's right. On the one hand, the common mortgage accumulates the exchange value of a number of properties in order to ensure the settlement of the creditor's rights more effectively; on the other hand, it can disperse the risk of collateral. The value of a single mortgage does not change without the occurrence of some circumstances. If a single collateral is damaged, lost or otherwise causes its value to decrease. The common mortgage can spread the risk and guarantee the repayment of the creditor's rights. The common mortgage provides multiple mortgages to guarantee the same creditor's rights. Common mortgage is a very important aspect of mortgage system, which is regulated in detail by major civil law countries. However, in the current law of our country, there is no common mortgage system. There are also logical problems in the relevant provisions concerning the realization of this right, which makes the courts in practice have inconsistency and irrationality in applying these provisions. This paper is divided into four chapters to discuss the realization mechanism of common mortgage. First of all, it summarizes the regulation and theoretical research of common mortgage in important civil law countries, and introduces the research and development of common mortgage system in Chinese academic circles. The comparison shows that the study of the common mortgage system in our country is not sufficient. For the system of more detailed study of Japan and China's Taiwan region. Secondly, it explains the problems existing in the realization of common mortgage in our country from the aspects of current legal provisions and application, which mainly include three aspects: one is the logical contradiction of the existing provisions of our country, the other is the lack of provisions on the relationship between the existing provisions and other mortgage rights. Third, there are many problems about the realization of common mortgage in practice. In order to solve these problems, we should sum up the realization mechanism of common mortgage according to the domestic and foreign theories and regulations, including the share of the common mortgagor and the relative rights of the surety on the property and the mortgagor after the order. The amount of co-mortgagor should be determined according to the circumstances, and at the same time, the surety, the right of subrogation and the right of recourse are given to the surety. At last, it discusses the related problems of special mortgage. To sum up, it is concluded that the common mortgage should be explicitly stipulated in the civil law of our country, and the logical problems in the existing provisions should be straightened out, and the relevant provisions should be perfected to guide the practice.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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