论公众人物书信的著作权保护

发布时间：2018-06-29 07:55

本文选题：书信作品 + 未发表作品　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：曾引发社会大众强烈关注的“钱钟书书信手稿拍卖案”业已告停,除了钱钟书夫妇作为公众人物的不凡效应外,其书信手稿关涉的极其复杂的法律问题也足以使人们警醒或困惑。书信上承载着物权、著作利益与隐私信息。在著作权法上,书信可以是文字作品,也可能是美术作品,针对前者,收信人只能对书信原件进行物权意义上的处分,不得以行使著作权之方式将书信作品予以公开。而对于后者,因美术作品原件的所有人以法律规定而享有原件的展览权,故而,其既可作为物权人处分该信件,也可将该信件以展览方式公之于众。至于能否以隐私权和发表权为由阻却他人对尚未公开书信进行合理使用,则有待深入。因关涉公民人格尊严、隐私保护等私人利益与言论表达自由等公共利益,故而英美法系和大陆法系对此问题都十分慎重。以美国版权法的判例与立法演进来说,其对未发表作品合理使用是予以承认的,突破了以作品尚未发表和保护作者隐私为由对此类作品给予完全保护的绝对规则。大陆法系国家倾向于隐私保护,对未发表作品基本不允合理使用,对发表涉密信件行为从严约束,但其立法与司法实践存有例外,不经许可而对信件予以公开或使用也是可以的。这些规定与实践对本文具有启示意义。
[Abstract]:The auction of Qian Zhongshu's manuscripts of Letters, which has aroused strong public attention, has been halted, except for the extraordinary effects of the Qian Zhongshu couple as public figures. The extremely complex legal issues involved in his manuscripts are also enough to alert or confuse people. On the letter is bearing the real right, the work interest and the privacy information. In copyright law, letters can be written works or art works. In view of the former, the addressee can only deal with the original letters in the sense of real right, and may not disclose the correspondence works in the way of exercising the copyright. For the latter, the owner of the original works of fine arts enjoys the right to exhibit the original as stipulated by law, therefore, it can be disposed of as a real right person, or the letter can be made public by way of exhibition. Whether the right to privacy and publication can prevent the rational use of unpublished letters remains to be explored. Because it concerns the personal interests of citizens, privacy protection and public interests such as freedom of speech and expression, the Anglo-American law system and the continental law system are very careful about this issue. In view of the evolution of American copyright law's jurisprudence and legislation, its reasonable use of unpublished works is recognized, which breaks the absolute rule of giving complete protection to such works on the basis of the fact that the works have not yet been published and protected by the author's privacy. Civil law countries tend to protect privacy, basically do not allow the rational use of unpublished works, and strictly restrict the publication of confidential letters, but there are exceptions in their legislation and judicial practice. It is also possible to publish or use the letter without permission. These regulations and practice have enlightening significance to this article.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.41

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