视听作品著作权主体与归属制度研究

发布时间：2018-07-18 11:45

【摘要】：《保护文学和艺术作品伯尔尼公约》把"电影作品和以类似摄制电影的方法表现的作品"作为保护客体,没有对"电影作品"的归属统一规定,各成员国有权依据国内法自行制定"电影作品"的归属制度。英美版权法适用"视为作者"原则,"电影作品"的版权归雇主。大陆法系著作权法多数适用"创作者是作者"原则,"电影作品"是合作作品。中国在安排"电影作品"的归属制度上兼采英美法和大陆法的做法,造成法条之间出现矛盾、与基本法理相悖、与实践严重不符的情形。随着互联网科技的发展,微电影、微视频、网络直播等新型作品出现,传统"电影作品"的法律制度无法满足现实需要,国际上逐步使用"视听作品"的概念。中国《著作权法修改草案》新增"视听作品"概念,但是关于"视听作品"归属的相应法律制度未作实质修改。本文认为以"视为作者"原则安排"视听作品"的归属制度,更加符合版权法原理和基本逻辑。制片者是"视听作品"的法律作者,著作权由制片者享有,实际创作者是事实作者,不享有"视听作品"的著作权。
[Abstract]:The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and artistic works regards "film works and works expressed in a manner similar to the production of a film" as the object of protection. There is no uniform regulation on the attribution of "film works", Each member State shall have the right to establish its own ownership system of Film works in accordance with its domestic law. British and American copyright law applies the principle of "being an author", and the copyright of "film works" belongs to the employer. Most civil law copyright laws apply the principle that creators are authors, and film works are cooperative works. In arranging the ownership system of "Film works", China adopts both Anglo-American law and continental law, which results in contradictions between articles of law, contradiction with basic legal principles and serious inconsistency with practice. With the development of Internet technology, new works, such as micro-film, micro-video, webcast and so on, have emerged. The legal system of traditional "film works" can not meet the needs of reality, so the concept of "audio-visual works" has been used step by step in the world. The revised draft of China's copyright Law adds the concept of "audio-visual works", but the corresponding legal system on the attribution of "audio-visual works" has not been substantially amended. This paper holds that the arrangement of the attribution system of audio-visual works in accordance with the principle of "author" is more in line with the principle of copyright law and basic logic. The producer is the legal author of Audio-visual works, the copyright is enjoyed by the producer, the actual creator is the author of the fact and does not enjoy the copyright of the Audio-visual works.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学博士后流动站;中国政法大学知识产权研究中心;
【分类号】：D923.41

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