以信赖利益保护为核心的债权表见让与制度

发布时间：2018-08-03 08:40

【摘要】：债权表见让与是指在债权人并未实际进行债权让与的情况下,因自己的行为而使债务人对债权的移转足以产生信赖,并向其所认为的"受让人"进行给付,且在立法者看来需要认可并给予保护时,便将此情形视同债权已经让与。债权表见让与制度在保护债务人的信赖利益和保障债权交易安全两个方面都发挥着积极的作用,因此对于这一理论的分析研究具有很重要的意义。本文以债权表见让与制度为研究对象,研究目的是通过阐述债权表见让与的基本理论,并将其与信赖利益保护相结合进行分析,为我国破解当下的司法实践难题以及完善未来的立法提供借鉴和帮助。本文第一部分通过实际发生的一则案例引出所要讨论的问题,第二部分重在介绍表见让与理论的基本内涵,第三部分则是本文的核心部分,本部分着重介绍了信赖利益保护的基本概念、种类划分以及它与债权表见让与制度的内在关系,并对债务人的信赖标准等理论难题进行了分析,本文第四部分通过比较研究的方法介绍了德国和台湾地区关于表见让与制度的法律规定,最后一部分在总结前文论述内容的同时,提出在我国未来《民法典》中设立表见让与的制度价值和立法建议。本文在研究方法上最显著的特点就是列举了相关的案例,透过这些案例可以更加直观地看到设立债权表见让与制度的实践作用,同时也使本文的内容更加丰满,论述更加充分。本文通过对债权表见让与理论的分析研究,得出了以下四点研究结果。其一,债权表见让与是债务人保护自身合法权益的有力武器。其二,在表见让与的构成要件中债务人主观上是否为善意并不妨碍表见让与的成立。其三,作为权利外观的让与通知是促使债务人产生信赖利益的根源所在,并且让与通知可在满足一定条件的情况下撤销。其四,债务人对让与通知的信赖必须满足一定的标准,因此法律应对让与通知的形式提出了具体要求。根据以上研究结果,笔者认为,在未来《民法典》的债编总则中设立债权表见让与制度是符合立法潮流和实践需要的。在未来的立法中,我国可借鉴德国和台湾的先进立法经验,并结合我国国情进行制度创新,在充分保障债权交易安全与便捷的基础上设立债权表见让与制度。
[Abstract]:The apparent assignment of a creditor's right means that, if the creditor has not actually made the assignment of the creditor's right, the transfer of the creditor's rights by his own act is sufficient to generate trust and be paid to the "transferee" which he considers "the transferee". And when it appears to legislators that recognition and protection are needed, the situation is treated as a concession. The system of express transfer of creditor's rights plays an active role in protecting the debtor's trust interests and safeguarding the transaction safety of creditor's rights, so it is of great significance to analyze and study this theory. The purpose of this paper is to explain the basic theory of the prima facie transfer of creditor's rights and combine it with the protection of trust interests. To solve the current judicial practice problems and improve future legislation to provide reference and help. The first part of this paper leads to the problems to be discussed through an actual case, the second part focuses on the basic connotation of the theory of apparent transfer, the third part is the core part of this paper. This part focuses on the basic concept of the protection of trust interests, the classification of categories and the internal relationship between it and the system of transfer of creditor's rights, and analyzes the theoretical problems such as the trust standard of the debtor, etc. The fourth part of this paper introduces the laws and regulations on the system of apparent transfer in Germany and Taiwan by means of comparative study. The last part summarizes the contents of the previous discussion. This paper puts forward the system value and legislative suggestion of establishing apparent transfer in the future Civil Code of our country. The most remarkable feature of this paper is that it enumerates the relevant cases. Through these cases, we can see more intuitively the practical function of setting up the system of assignment of creditor's rights, and at the same time, make the content of this article more full and fully discussed. Based on the analysis of the theory of transferability of creditor's rights, the following four research results are obtained. First, creditor's right is a powerful weapon for debtors to protect their legitimate rights and interests. Secondly, whether the debtor is bona fide or not in the constitutive elements of apparent assignment does not prevent the establishment of apparent assignment. Third, the notice of assignment as the appearance of rights is the root of the debtor's reliance interest, and the notice of assignment can be revoked under certain conditions. Fourth, the debtor's reliance on notice of assignment must meet certain standards, so the law should put forward specific requirements for the form of notice of assignment. Based on the above research results, the author thinks that it is in line with the legislative trend and the practical need to set up the system of transfer of creditor's rights in the general principles of debt compilation of the Civil Code in the future. In the future legislation, our country can draw lessons from the advanced legislative experience of Germany and Taiwan, and combine with the national conditions of our country to carry on the system innovation, and set up the system of transferring the creditor's rights on the basis of the security and convenience of the transaction of creditor's rights.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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