人类胚胎干细胞发明的专利保护问题研究
发布时间：2018-08-22 16:02
【摘要】：随着生物技术和生命医学的发展,人类胚胎干细胞技术在“再生医学”领域的巨大经济价值不断的推动着该项技术的专利化进程。但由于提取人类胚胎干细胞需要摧毁人类胚胎,使得该项技术的专利之路备受争议,其中包括“人类胚胎的伦理、法律地位”之争。包括发达国家在内的世界各国在人类胚胎干细胞技术的专利保护问题上也存在很大争议。虽然我国在国家战略和政策层面对干细胞技术给予了很大的重视和支持。但我国《专利法》尚未将人类胚胎干细胞发明纳入其专利保护的范围,这使得该技术的许多成果未能实现专利化保护。鉴于此,本文试图以专利法的基本理论为基础,参考国外对人类胚胎干细胞技术的研究成果、专利制度、典型案例和国际条约,并结合国内影响人类胚胎干细胞技术的伦理、哲学、政策等问题,以探究我国人胚胎干细胞技术专利保护的相关问题。本文第一部分介绍了人类胚胎干细胞研究及其专利保护的意义。本部分对干细胞和人类胚胎干细胞来源做了相应的介绍,为后文的进一步论述做好铺垫。并介绍了人类胚胎干细胞研究的成就和对人类的重大影响。本文第二部分对人类胚胎干细胞发明专利保护的障碍进行了分析。本部分分别从人类胚胎干细胞技术对社会伦理道德的冲击,对法律理念、法律体系的冲击和不同主体间的利益博弈三个方面对人类胚胎干细胞技术专利保护所面临的障碍进行分析。进而厘清人胚胎干细胞技术专利保护问题在不同领域的阻碍。本文第三部分介绍并比较分析了欧盟、美国在人类胚胎干细胞研究的专利保护的情况。本部分从各国的立法导向、案例评析和相关理论等方面对欧盟和美国的人胚胎干细胞技术的专利保护情况进行比较研究,以期得到相应的启发。本文第四部分对我国人类胚胎干细胞发明的可专利性进行了分析。本部分结合我国专利法的基本理论和审查规则,对人类胚胎干细胞发明的可专利性进行具体分析。本文第五部分对我国人类胚胎干细胞发明专利保护提出了相应对策。本部分结合前文,提出对人类胚胎干细胞技术采取区别对待原则,建议在专利审查部门成立专门的伦理审查委员会,并完善我国人类胚胎干细胞遗传资源的审查机制。
[Abstract]:With the development of biotechnology and life medicine, the great economic value of human embryonic stem cell technology in the field of "regenerative medicine" is promoting the patenting process of this technology. However, the need to destroy human embryos by extracting human embryonic stem cells makes the patent path of this technology controversial, including the "ethics, legal status of human embryos". The patent protection of human embryonic stem cell technology is also controversial in developed countries. Although our country has paid much attention and support to stem cell technology at the national strategic and policy level. However, the patent law of our country has not brought the invention of human embryonic stem cell into the scope of patent protection, which makes many achievements of this technology fail to realize patent protection. In view of this, this paper attempts to base on the basic theory of patent law, referring to the research results of human embryonic stem cell technology abroad, patent system, typical cases and international treaties, and combining with the domestic ethics affecting human embryonic stem cell technology. Philosophy, policy and other issues to explore the human embryonic stem cell technology patent protection in China. The first part of this paper introduces the significance of human embryonic stem cell research and patent protection. In this part, stem cells and human embryonic stem cells are introduced. The achievements of human embryonic stem cell research and its great influence on human are also introduced. In the second part of this paper, the barrier of patent protection of human embryonic stem cell invention is analyzed. In this part, the impact of human embryonic stem cell technology on social ethics and ethics, the legal concept, The impact of legal system and the benefit game between different subjects are analyzed in the aspects of human embryonic stem cell technology patent protection. And then clarify the human embryonic stem cell technology patent protection in different areas. The third part introduces and compares the patent protection of EU and USA in human embryonic stem cell research. This part makes a comparative study on the patent protection of human embryonic stem cell technology in the European Union and the United States from the aspects of legislation, case analysis and relevant theories, in order to get the corresponding inspiration. In the fourth part, the patentability of human embryonic stem cell invention in China is analyzed. In this part, the patentability of human embryonic stem cell invention is analyzed according to the basic theory and examination rules of patent law of China. The fifth part of this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures for the patent protection of human embryonic stem cell invention in China. This part puts forward the principle of different treatment to human embryonic stem cell technology, and proposes to set up a special ethics review committee in patent examination department, and perfect the examination mechanism of human embryonic stem cell genetic resources in our country.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.42
本文编号：2197604
[Abstract]:With the development of biotechnology and life medicine, the great economic value of human embryonic stem cell technology in the field of "regenerative medicine" is promoting the patenting process of this technology. However, the need to destroy human embryos by extracting human embryonic stem cells makes the patent path of this technology controversial, including the "ethics, legal status of human embryos". The patent protection of human embryonic stem cell technology is also controversial in developed countries. Although our country has paid much attention and support to stem cell technology at the national strategic and policy level. However, the patent law of our country has not brought the invention of human embryonic stem cell into the scope of patent protection, which makes many achievements of this technology fail to realize patent protection. In view of this, this paper attempts to base on the basic theory of patent law, referring to the research results of human embryonic stem cell technology abroad, patent system, typical cases and international treaties, and combining with the domestic ethics affecting human embryonic stem cell technology. Philosophy, policy and other issues to explore the human embryonic stem cell technology patent protection in China. The first part of this paper introduces the significance of human embryonic stem cell research and patent protection. In this part, stem cells and human embryonic stem cells are introduced. The achievements of human embryonic stem cell research and its great influence on human are also introduced. In the second part of this paper, the barrier of patent protection of human embryonic stem cell invention is analyzed. In this part, the impact of human embryonic stem cell technology on social ethics and ethics, the legal concept, The impact of legal system and the benefit game between different subjects are analyzed in the aspects of human embryonic stem cell technology patent protection. And then clarify the human embryonic stem cell technology patent protection in different areas. The third part introduces and compares the patent protection of EU and USA in human embryonic stem cell research. This part makes a comparative study on the patent protection of human embryonic stem cell technology in the European Union and the United States from the aspects of legislation, case analysis and relevant theories, in order to get the corresponding inspiration. In the fourth part, the patentability of human embryonic stem cell invention in China is analyzed. In this part, the patentability of human embryonic stem cell invention is analyzed according to the basic theory and examination rules of patent law of China. The fifth part of this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures for the patent protection of human embryonic stem cell invention in China. This part puts forward the principle of different treatment to human embryonic stem cell technology, and proposes to set up a special ethics review committee in patent examination department, and perfect the examination mechanism of human embryonic stem cell genetic resources in our country.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.42
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 杨向中;21世纪中国的机遇和挑战:治疗性克隆、人类胚胎干细胞和相关胚胎生物技术的研究与开发[J];世界科学;2004年02期
，本文编号：2197604
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/minfalunwen/2197604.html
