企业间借贷合同有效的认定条件

发布时间：2018-10-08 11:56

【摘要】：一直以来,企业间的借贷存在着较多的负面因素,比如利率不稳定,没有专项的管理制度以及资金的来源与流向难以监管等等,这些都对金融市场造成了一些不利影响,所以企业间的借贷曾经一度被法律排除在外,但是,企业的发展又需要拓宽融资渠道来缓解资金紧缺对生产经营的压力,这就导致实际生活中的企业间借贷纠纷案件不断呈现上升趋势,其效力的认定问题也亟需解决。好在,最高人民法院出台的《关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》将企业纳入了民间借贷的主体范畴,首次正式的承认了企业间借贷合同的效力。然而,放开了企业间的借贷合同,虽然拓宽了企业融资的渠道,给企业融资难寻找到了新的突破口,但是放开并非放任,考虑到金融市场的发展前景,该司法解释在承认其效力的同时限制借贷的资金只能用于企业的生产经营。本身企业间的借贷合同属于《合同法》的范畴,其效力认定即要排除《合同法》中对合同无效的一般规定,又要不违反该司法解释中对借贷合同效力的相关规定,还需要符合即将实施的《民法总则》中对民事法律行为有效条件的规定。因此,综合上述内容,企业间借贷合同的有效应符合三个条件:一是借贷的主体适格,双方均具有相应的民事行为能力;二是借贷双方的意思表示真实,并不存在意思表示瑕疵;三是借贷合同的内容具有合法性,即不违反法律、行政法规的强制性规定、不违背公序良俗以及司法解释中关于资金的特别规定。本文就从上述三个有效条件出发,选取浙江省高院的案例,温州高新园区海融民间资本管理股份有限公司与新疆德源生物工程有限公司借贷纠纷一案,来分析论述企业间借贷合同有效的认定条件。
[Abstract]:Over the years, there are many negative factors in inter-firm lending, such as unstable interest rates, lack of a special management system, difficulty in monitoring the sources and flows of funds, and so on. All of these have had some adverse effects on the financial markets. Therefore, inter-firm lending was once ruled out by law. However, the development of enterprises needs to broaden the financing channels to ease the pressure on production and operation caused by the shortage of funds. This leads to a rising trend of inter-firm loan disputes in real life, and the determination of its effectiveness needs to be solved. Fortunately, the provisions of the Supreme people's Court on the application of the law in the trial of private lending cases bring enterprises into the main category of private lending, and formally recognize the validity of the inter-firm loan contract for the first time. However, by liberalizing the loan contracts between enterprises, although it has widened the channels for enterprise financing and made it difficult for enterprises to find a new breakthrough in financing, liberalization is not laissez-faire, considering the development prospects of the financial market. This judicial interpretation, while recognizing its effectiveness, limits the amount of money borrowed can only be used in the production and operation of enterprises. The loan contract between enterprises belongs to the scope of contract Law. The validity of the contract is to exclude the general provisions of the contract Law on invalidity of the contract, and not to violate the relevant provisions of the judicial interpretation on the validity of the loan contract. It also needs to conform to the effective conditions of civil legal acts in the General principles of Civil Law to be implemented. Therefore, synthesizing the above contents, the effect of the inter-firm loan contract meets three conditions: first, the subject of the loan is qualified, both of them have the corresponding civil capacity; the other is that the intention of the borrower and the borrower is true. Third, the content of the loan contract has legitimacy, that is, it does not violate the mandatory provisions of laws, administrative regulations, public order, good customs and special provisions on funds in judicial interpretation. Based on the above three effective conditions, this paper selects the case of Zhejiang Provincial High Courtyard, the case of a loan dispute between Wenzhou Hi-tech Park Hailong Private Capital Management Co., Ltd and Xinjiang Deyuan Bioengineering Co., Ltd. To analyze and discuss the validity of inter-firm loan contract conditions.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.6

【参考文献】