论合成生物技术发明的可专利性

发布时间：2018-10-26 15:50

【摘要】：合成生物学近几年有飞快的速度向前发展,这已经引起了各方的广泛关注。虽然合成生物学的应用还停留在基础研究阶段,但随着合成生物学的不断发展,在未来必定有着更广阔的应用前景。但国内还没有与合成生物学相关的配套法律法规,可能会影响日后合成生物学在中国的蓬勃发展。本文就是在这种背景下,以合成生物技术发明为研究对象,首先,主要介绍了合成生物学的概念以及目前的发展情况;其次,对合成生物技术发明的专利客体进行分析,其中分别从基因组的人工合成技术与生物打印技术为切入点,对其专利客体进行分析;然后,选择合成生物技术中最核心也是最成熟的技术——基因组的人工合成技术,分别从新颖性、创造性、实用性三方面讨论这一技术的专利性,其中结合了基因工程技术的相关法律规定进行分析。最后,是对我国构建合成生物技术专利制度提出一些建议,从我国改革深化、开放扩大的进程及经济发展、科技进步的要求来看,特别是面对知识经济与合成生物技术高速发展的机遇和挑战,我国合成生物技术专利制度建设及管理运行的现状还是很不适应的,所以我们要通过构建符合合成生物技术发展的专利制度,来引导合成生物学的可持续发展,以合成生物学来推动整个社会的进步。
[Abstract]:Synthetic biology has been developing rapidly in recent years, which has attracted wide attention. Although the application of synthetic biology is still in the basic research stage, with the continuous development of synthetic biology, it will have a wider application prospect in the future. However, there are no laws and regulations related to synthetic biology in China, which may affect the development of synthetic biology in China in the future. In this context, the invention of synthetic biotechnology as the research object, first of all, mainly introduced the concept of synthetic biology and its current development; Secondly, the patent object of synthetic biotechnology invention is analyzed, in which the patent object is analyzed from the point of view of genome synthetic technology and biological printing technology. Then, select the core and most mature technology in synthetic biotechnology, the artificial synthesis of genomes, and discuss the patent nature of the technology from three aspects: novelty, creativity, and practicality. It combines the relevant laws and regulations of genetic engineering technology to carry on the analysis. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for the establishment of a patent system for synthetic biotechnology in China. From the point of view of the process of deepening reform, the process of opening up and expanding, and the requirements of economic development and scientific and technological progress in China, Especially in the face of the opportunities and challenges of the knowledge economy and the rapid development of synthetic biotechnology, the current situation of patent system construction and management of synthetic biotechnology in China is still very inadequate. So we should guide the sustainable development of synthetic biology and promote the progress of the whole society by constructing a patent system that conforms to the development of synthetic biotechnology.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.42

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