快递损害赔偿责任问题研究

发布时间：2018-11-09 15:50

【摘要】：快递服务作为一种新兴产业极大地改变了人们的生活方式,与电子商务的完美衔接更是给人们带来了极大的便利。但是需要注意到,我国每年因快递服务损害造成的赔偿纠纷一直呈现上升趋势,除了快递服务企业本身制度不健全外,我国目前有关快递服务损害赔偿制度也存在立法缺失、效力层次不一的现状。各快递服务企业自行制定不同的损害赔偿标准,并且利用快递服务运单预先制定各种免责条款,使得快递服务消费者在遭受损失时很难获得满意赔偿。即使消费者就快递服务企业侵害一事诉至法院,由于法律不够明确统一,各法院法官在行使自由裁量权时选择适用法律的不同也常导致同案不同判的现象产生。这些混乱使快递服务损害赔偿问题难以得到有效解决。为了解决这一难题,本文针对快递服务损害赔偿责任中一些最容易引起争议的问题,如免责事由、保价条款、限制性赔偿条款等进行研究,同时通过采用比较研究法和分析归纳的研究方法,通过介绍国外发达国家的快递服务机制和立法规范,结合我国国情,探讨和完善我国快递服务损害赔偿制度的建设,希望能够为快递服务立法的修订起到一定作用,最终达到维护司法正义和消费者合法权益目的。本文正文共分为五个部分,主要包括以下几个方面:第二章对快递服务损害赔偿作了概述,并将快递服务与传统邮政普遍服务损害赔偿作了比较,从而更加明确区分快递服务损害赔偿的特殊性。第三章阐述了我国快递服务损害赔偿的立法现状,主要涉及现行有关快递服务损害法律框架下的赔偿请求权主体、举证责任分配、免责事由等问题。第四章则重点对快递服务合同中的格式条款进行研究,主要针对格式条款中保价条款的效力和限制性赔偿条款的效力分析,并总结自己观点,第五章,通过介绍国外快递服务损害赔偿的立法机制,主要涉及美国、澳洲、日本、德国、英国等五个国家,通过对比研究,得出完善我国快递损害赔偿制度的启示。第六章,在总结前文的基础之上,探讨完善我国快递服务损害赔偿责任制度的建议。并提出今后在立法中改进的建议,以期能够更好地维护消费者的合法权益。
[Abstract]:As a new industry, express service has greatly changed people's way of life, and the perfect connection with electronic commerce has brought great convenience to people. However, it should be noted that the compensation disputes caused by the damage to express service in our country have been on the rise every year. In addition to the imperfect system of express delivery service enterprises themselves, there is also a lack of legislation on the system of compensation for damages in express service in our country at present. The status quo of varying levels of effectiveness. Each express service enterprise sets different standards of damages and makes use of express service waybill to make a variety of exemption clauses in advance, which makes it difficult for express service consumers to obtain satisfactory compensation when they suffer losses. Even if consumers appeal to the court for infringement of express delivery service enterprises, because the law is not clear and uniform, the different choice of the applicable law in the exercise of the discretion of each court judge often leads to the phenomenon of different judgments in the same case. These confusion makes it difficult to solve the problem of damage compensation for express service effectively. In order to solve this problem, this paper focuses on some of the most controversial issues in the liability for damages of express delivery services, such as exemption, price insurance, restrictive compensation, and so on. At the same time, by adopting the comparative research method and the analytical and inductive research method, by introducing the express delivery service mechanism and legislative norms of foreign developed countries, and combining with the national conditions of our country, this paper discusses and consummates the construction of China's express delivery service damage compensation system. I hope to play a role in the revision of express service legislation, and finally achieve the goal of safeguarding judicial justice and the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. The text of this paper is divided into five parts, mainly including the following aspects: the second chapter summarizes the damage compensation of express service, and compares the damage compensation between express service and traditional universal postal service. So as to distinguish more clearly the particularity of the damage compensation of express service. The third chapter expounds the current legislative situation of the damages for express service in China, mainly involving the subject of claim, the distribution of the burden of proof, the reasons of exemption and so on under the current legal framework of the damage to express service. The fourth chapter focuses on the express service contract in the form of the study, mainly on the form of the price clause in the form clause and the effectiveness of the restrictive compensation clause analysis, and summarized their own views, chapter five, Through the introduction of foreign express service damage compensation legislation mechanism, mainly involving the United States, Australia, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom and other five countries, through comparative research, to improve our express delivery damage compensation system enlightenment. Chapter six, on the basis of summarizing above, discusses the suggestion of perfecting the system of liability for damages of express service in our country. Suggestions for improving legislation in the future are put forward in order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923;D922.296

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