论网上银行消费者权益的法律保护

发布时间：2018-11-12 06:37

【摘要】：网上银行在方便人们日常生活的同时,也带来了消费方式与消费结构上的重大转变。另一方面,由于我国在网上银行的管理和规制方面尚未形成成熟的制度,网上银行消费者权益受侵害的现象时有发生。因此,分析网上银行消费者权益保护实践中存在的问题,针对网银的特点构建适当的消费者保护机制具有非常重要的现实意义。笔者运用实证分析法、文献分析法等方法对我国网上银行的消费者权益保护问题展开研究。全文除引言和结语外,共分为四个部分。第一部分为案例介绍。笔者选取了三个具有典型代表意义的案例,即网银资金被盗取、网银消费者个人信息遭泄露、网上银行纠纷维权难事件。这三个案例引发笔者对网上银行消费者权益保护问题的思考,并引出下文。第二部分分析我国网上银行消费者保护存在的问题。结合上述典型案例及我国相关法律规定,可以看出,我国网上银行消费者权益保护存在如下问题：银行格式条款规制的缺失,信息披露制度不健全；纠纷解决机制不完善；银行安全保障义务未履行；消费者个人信息泄露现象严重。第三部分论述网上银行消费者权益保护的境外立法经验。笔者着重分析了美国和欧盟这两个网银监管制度比较发达的国家和地区对网上银行消费者保护法律机制的构建。美国《公平信用报告法》对银行获取消费者个人信息的行为从条件、内容、必要性、程序等方面都进行了限制和规范；欧盟《关于消费者合同中不公平条件的指令》对网上银行格式合同中的不公平条款进行了明确的列举。这些境外立法经验对我国网上银行的立法管制提供了有益的借鉴。第四部分提出完善我国网上银行消费者权益保护机制的对策建议。具体包括：规制网上银行格式条款；健全信息披露制度；完善纠纷解决机制；严格银行安全保障义务；保护消费者个人信息；确立先予赔付机制。
[Abstract]:Internet banking not only facilitates people's daily life, but also brings about great changes in consumption pattern and consumption structure. On the other hand, because our country has not formed a mature system in the management and regulation of online banking, the phenomenon of consumers' rights and interests of online banks is infringed from time to time. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to analyze the problems existing in the practice of consumer rights and interests protection in online banking, and to construct an appropriate consumer protection mechanism according to the characteristics of online banking. By means of empirical analysis and literature analysis, the author studies the protection of consumers' rights and interests of online banks in China. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into four parts. The first part is a case study. The author selects three typical cases, that is, the theft of online bank funds, the leakage of personal information of consumers, and the difficulty of defending rights in online banking disputes. These three cases lead the author to think about the protection of consumer rights and interests of online banking, and lead to the following. The second part analyzes the problems existing in consumer protection of online banking in China. In combination with the above typical cases and the relevant laws and regulations of our country, we can see that the following problems exist in the protection of consumers' rights and interests in China's online banking: the lack of regulation of bank format clauses, the imperfection of information disclosure system, the imperfect dispute resolution mechanism; Bank security obligations have not been fulfilled; consumer personal information leakage phenomenon is serious. The third part discusses the overseas legislative experience of online banking consumer rights and interests protection. The author emphatically analyzes the construction of the legal mechanism of consumer protection of online banking in the two developed countries and regions of the United States and the European Union. The Fair Credit reporting Act of the United States has restricted and regulated the behavior of banks in obtaining consumer personal information in terms of conditions, contents, necessity, procedures, etc. The EU Directive on unfair conditions in Consumer contracts clearly enumerates the unfair clauses in online banking format contracts. These overseas legislative experiences provide useful reference for the legislative regulation of online banking in China. The fourth part puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to perfect the protection mechanism of consumer's rights and interests of online banking in our country. Specific include: regulation of online banking format clauses; perfect information disclosure system; perfect dispute resolution mechanism; strict bank security obligations; protect consumer personal information; establish prepayment mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.281;D923.8

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