医疗损害赔偿诉讼案件举证责任分配问题研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 10:03
【摘要】：医疗损害赔偿诉讼案件举证责任分配问题关系到医患双方对败诉风险的承担。我国为解决医患双方的举证难的问题,在立法上做了一系列尝试和改革,关于医疗损害赔偿诉讼案件举证责任分配方式已经历了“谁主张,谁举证”阶段、举证责任倒置阶段、类型化归责原则下的举证责任分配三个阶段。从整个发展历程来看,主要是为了平衡医患双方之间的举证责任,但是始终处于两个极端,《侵权责任法》实施至今,这一问题仍然突出。反观国外,关于医疗损害赔偿诉讼案件的处理虽然同样是较为为复杂的问题,但国外立法与实践的发展中,德国法的“表见证明”理论、英美法的“事实自证”规则和日本法的“大致推定”理论,在缓和患方的证明负担方面都发挥了极好的社会效应,为我国学者所推崇,是适于解决当下举证责任分配问题的有效经验。在对我国关于举证责任分配规则相关基础理论和法律规定进行分析的基础之上,对存在的现实问题进行反思,结合分析“表见证明”理论、“事实自证”规则、“大致推定”理论对于解决医疗损害赔偿诉讼案件举证责任分配问题的益处,主要体现在减轻患方举证负担、规制法官自由裁量权这两方面,在此基础之上提出举证责任缓和规则的引入建议,详细分析我国引入举证责任缓和规则的理由和适用的有关程序,鉴于法官在举证责任缓和规则中的积极作用,将法官自由裁量权的合理行使作为举证责任缓和规则顺利引入的助力,使得在医疗损害赔偿诉讼案件的审理中,患方、医方、法官三者之间依照法律程序,积极互动,推动诉讼进程,确保审判公正高效。
[Abstract]:The allocation of burden of proof in medical damages litigation cases is related to the risk of failure. In order to solve the problem of hard to prove, our country has made a series of attempts and reforms in legislation. The distribution of burden of proof in medical damages litigation cases has gone through the stage of "who claims, who proves", and the stage of inversion of burden of proof. There are three stages of burden of proof distribution under the principle of type imputation. From the whole course of development, mainly to balance the burden of proof between doctors and patients, but always in two extremes, the Tort liability Law has been implemented so far, this problem is still prominent. On the other hand, although the handling of medical damages litigation cases in foreign countries is also a more complicated issue, in the development of foreign legislation and practice, the theory of "apparent proof" in German law, The rules of "proof of fact" in Anglo-American law and the theory of "approximate presumption" in Japanese law have played an excellent social effect in relieving the burden of proof of the affected parties, and have been highly praised by Chinese scholars. It is an effective experience to solve the problem of burden of proof distribution. Based on the analysis of the relevant basic theories and legal provisions of the rules of burden of proof in our country, this paper reflects on the existing practical problems, and analyzes the theory of "proof of proof" and the rule of "self-proof of facts". The benefit of the theory of "approximate presumption" in solving the problem of distribution of burden of proof in medical damages litigation cases is mainly reflected in two aspects: lightening the burden of proof of the affected party and regulating the discretion of the judge. On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the introduction of the relaxation of the burden of proof, and analyzes in detail the reasons for introducing the relaxation of the burden of proof and the applicable procedures in our country. In view of the positive role of the judge in the relaxation of the burden of proof, Taking the reasonable exercise of the judge's discretion as the aid of the smooth introduction of the burden of proof mitigation rule, the patient, the doctor and the judge will interact in accordance with the legal procedure in the trial of the lawsuit for medical damages. To promote the process of litigation and ensure fair and efficient trial.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923
本文编号：2326791
[Abstract]:The allocation of burden of proof in medical damages litigation cases is related to the risk of failure. In order to solve the problem of hard to prove, our country has made a series of attempts and reforms in legislation. The distribution of burden of proof in medical damages litigation cases has gone through the stage of "who claims, who proves", and the stage of inversion of burden of proof. There are three stages of burden of proof distribution under the principle of type imputation. From the whole course of development, mainly to balance the burden of proof between doctors and patients, but always in two extremes, the Tort liability Law has been implemented so far, this problem is still prominent. On the other hand, although the handling of medical damages litigation cases in foreign countries is also a more complicated issue, in the development of foreign legislation and practice, the theory of "apparent proof" in German law, The rules of "proof of fact" in Anglo-American law and the theory of "approximate presumption" in Japanese law have played an excellent social effect in relieving the burden of proof of the affected parties, and have been highly praised by Chinese scholars. It is an effective experience to solve the problem of burden of proof distribution. Based on the analysis of the relevant basic theories and legal provisions of the rules of burden of proof in our country, this paper reflects on the existing practical problems, and analyzes the theory of "proof of proof" and the rule of "self-proof of facts". The benefit of the theory of "approximate presumption" in solving the problem of distribution of burden of proof in medical damages litigation cases is mainly reflected in two aspects: lightening the burden of proof of the affected party and regulating the discretion of the judge. On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the introduction of the relaxation of the burden of proof, and analyzes in detail the reasons for introducing the relaxation of the burden of proof and the applicable procedures in our country. In view of the positive role of the judge in the relaxation of the burden of proof, Taking the reasonable exercise of the judge's discretion as the aid of the smooth introduction of the burden of proof mitigation rule, the patient, the doctor and the judge will interact in accordance with the legal procedure in the trial of the lawsuit for medical damages. To promote the process of litigation and ensure fair and efficient trial.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923
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