“虐童”事件的防控及“反虐童”救助体系的构建
发布时间：2018-12-14 01:13
【摘要】：“儿童”不仅是国家的未来,同时还是社会的弱势群体,切实保护儿童的生命安全、创造有利于儿童健康成长的家庭和社会环境,应该成为全世界不同国家共同努力地方向。但是在现实生活中“虐童”事件已不再是典型个案,依据联合国儿童基金会的报道,“虐童”在全世界范围内都时有发生,“虐童”已经发展成为威胁世界儿童生存的严重问题之一。已有的研究显示“虐待”儿童的后果非常严重,“虐待”很有可能会导致受虐儿童在认知和情绪方面的发展落后于正常儿童,会使儿童遭受严重的身体和精神创伤,进而直接导致儿童认知方面的缺陷,并引起个体行为偏差,甚至会误入歧途。“虐童”,是一个全世界范围的社会问题,西方国家关注的较早,多年研究及实践的积累,已经形成了相对完善的“反虐童”法律保护体系、公共部门保障救助体系、社会多方参与体系等一系列行之有效的制度和方法。为保护儿童免遭“虐待”建立了屏障,为已经遭受“虐待”的儿童提供了救助渠道。反观我国,由于东西方在对待孩子的问题上存在着巨大的观念差异,在我国关于“虐童”的界定还不是很清晰。中国传统文化中“子不教,父之过”、“棍棒之下出孝子”的理念,严重制约和影响着中国人对“儿童权益”的认识,儿童的主体性常常被忽略,儿童往往以家庭的附属品形式存在,这就直接导致了“虐童”事件在我国很多时候被等同于“家庭内部事件”,并具有了“隐蔽性”的特征,最终导致了我国“虐童”事件：事前难以被发现、事中难以被制止、事后受虐儿童难以被救助的结果。在我国,由于“虐童”问题的法律规制不够明确、公共部门因缺少法律和政策依据无法完全有效的介入“虐童”事件、社会组织参与度较低等原因,造成了“虐童”事件频发的现状。本课题试图通过分析我国“虐童”的现状,归纳我国“虐童”事件的特点,依托人权理论、社会公正理论,研究我国现有的关于保障儿童权益、救助受虐儿童的理论和实际做法,总结我国当下在应对“虐童”事件、构建“反虐童”救助体系方面取得的成绩及存在的不足,通过学习国外“虐童”问题的相关理论,借鉴其应对“虐童”事件的实践经验,为我国“虐童”事件的有效防控及“反虐童”救助体系的构建提供思路,从而减少儿童受虐事件的发生,使儿童的权益得到真正的全面的保护。
[Abstract]:"Children" is not only the future of a country, but also a vulnerable group in society. To protect the life safety of children and to create a family and social environment conducive to the healthy growth of children should become the joint efforts of different countries all over the world. But in real life, "child abuse" is no longer a typical case, according to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), "child abuse" occurs all over the world. Child abuse has developed into one of the serious problems threatening the survival of children in the world. Existing studies have shown that the consequences of "abuse" of children are very serious, and that "abuse" is likely to lead to the cognitive and emotional development of abused children lagging behind that of normal children and to causing severe physical and mental trauma to children, This will directly lead to children's cognitive defects, and lead to individual behavior deviation, and even go astray. "Child abuse" is a worldwide social problem. Western countries have paid attention to the early years of research and practice accumulation, has formed a relatively perfect "anti-child abuse" legal protection system, the public sector protection system. Social participation system and a series of effective systems and methods. A barrier is established to protect children from abuse, and a relief channel is provided for children who have been abused. On the other hand, the definition of "child abuse" in our country is not very clear because of the great differences of ideas between the East and the West in the treatment of children. In the traditional Chinese culture, the concept of "son does not teach, father is wrong" and "filial piety comes from the stick" seriously restricts and influences the Chinese people's understanding of "children's rights and interests", and the subjectivity of children is often ignored. Children often exist in the form of family accessories, which directly leads to the "child abuse" incident in our country is often equated with "internal family events", and has the characteristics of "concealment". Finally, it leads to child abuse in China: it is difficult to be detected beforehand, difficult to stop in the incident, and difficult to be rescued after the incident. In our country, because the legal regulation of "child abuse" problem is not clear enough, the public sector is unable to intervene in the "child abuse" incident completely and effectively because of the lack of legal and policy basis, and the participation of social organizations is low, and so on. This has resulted in the frequent occurrence of child abuse incidents. This subject attempts to analyze the current situation of child abuse in China, sum up the characteristics of child abuse in China, and study the existing rights and interests of children in China, relying on the theory of human rights and social justice. The theory and practice of rescuing abused children, summing up the achievements and shortcomings of our country in dealing with the "child abuse" incident, constructing the "anti-child abuse" relief system, and learning the relevant theories of "child abuse" in foreign countries. Drawing on its practical experience in dealing with "child abuse" incident, it provides ideas for the effective prevention and control of child abuse incident and the construction of "anti-child abuse" relief system in China, so as to reduce the occurrence of child abuse incident. The protection of children's rights and interests is truly comprehensive.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.1
[Abstract]:"Children" is not only the future of a country, but also a vulnerable group in society. To protect the life safety of children and to create a family and social environment conducive to the healthy growth of children should become the joint efforts of different countries all over the world. But in real life, "child abuse" is no longer a typical case, according to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), "child abuse" occurs all over the world. Child abuse has developed into one of the serious problems threatening the survival of children in the world. Existing studies have shown that the consequences of "abuse" of children are very serious, and that "abuse" is likely to lead to the cognitive and emotional development of abused children lagging behind that of normal children and to causing severe physical and mental trauma to children, This will directly lead to children's cognitive defects, and lead to individual behavior deviation, and even go astray. "Child abuse" is a worldwide social problem. Western countries have paid attention to the early years of research and practice accumulation, has formed a relatively perfect "anti-child abuse" legal protection system, the public sector protection system. Social participation system and a series of effective systems and methods. A barrier is established to protect children from abuse, and a relief channel is provided for children who have been abused. On the other hand, the definition of "child abuse" in our country is not very clear because of the great differences of ideas between the East and the West in the treatment of children. In the traditional Chinese culture, the concept of "son does not teach, father is wrong" and "filial piety comes from the stick" seriously restricts and influences the Chinese people's understanding of "children's rights and interests", and the subjectivity of children is often ignored. Children often exist in the form of family accessories, which directly leads to the "child abuse" incident in our country is often equated with "internal family events", and has the characteristics of "concealment". Finally, it leads to child abuse in China: it is difficult to be detected beforehand, difficult to stop in the incident, and difficult to be rescued after the incident. In our country, because the legal regulation of "child abuse" problem is not clear enough, the public sector is unable to intervene in the "child abuse" incident completely and effectively because of the lack of legal and policy basis, and the participation of social organizations is low, and so on. This has resulted in the frequent occurrence of child abuse incidents. This subject attempts to analyze the current situation of child abuse in China, sum up the characteristics of child abuse in China, and study the existing rights and interests of children in China, relying on the theory of human rights and social justice. The theory and practice of rescuing abused children, summing up the achievements and shortcomings of our country in dealing with the "child abuse" incident, constructing the "anti-child abuse" relief system, and learning the relevant theories of "child abuse" in foreign countries. Drawing on its practical experience in dealing with "child abuse" incident, it provides ideas for the effective prevention and control of child abuse incident and the construction of "anti-child abuse" relief system in China, so as to reduce the occurrence of child abuse incident. The protection of children's rights and interests is truly comprehensive.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.1
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