使用者替代责任制度研究

发布时间：2019-01-03 17:26

【摘要】：在我国经济水平大幅提升、市场全面开放的进程日益加快的大背景下,国内市场出现了一种新的合作模式,即公司将自身业务交由其他机构代为办理。这种新型合作模式的出现突破了公司传统经营模式的限制,扩大了公司的业务范围,但同时也使公司经营具有一定的风险性,出现了一个新的问题——在其他机构代办业务的过程中有可能损害第三方的利益。世界各国家和地区都有适应其市场的使用者责任制度,但在制度的名称和责任承担的方式上有所不同。英国、美国等为代表的国家采用的是“雇主替代责任制”,而大陆法系众多国家则采用的是“雇主责任制”。此外,在我国台湾地区目前适用的是较为特殊的“雇用人责任”。目前,我国对这一问题的规定并不统一。本文大致分四个部分。第一部分对使用者替代责任的基本理论和内涵进行阐述。首先,对使用者、被使用者及使用者替代责任的概念进行分析与界定;其次,对使用者替代责任的性质进行介绍;最后对法学理论界存在的使用者替代责任的各种相关的理论实行阐述,并且找出其优缺点,最终得出该制度适用的理论基础。第二部分主要阐述构成要件与责任的归责原则。重点从各国对使用者替代责任的归责原则的不同规定方面展开论述,并分析我国使用者替代责任在归责原则上的性质,以及使用者替代责任在适用过程中的三个构成要件。第三部分主要论述责任承担方在替代责任当中涉及的问题。该部分通过分析内部的责任承担和外部的责任承担两方面的责任得出相关结论,其次分析了在追偿权方面存在的相关问题,并建议在立法方面应适当考虑规定使用者对被使用者的相关追偿权限。这也是考虑我国立法现状维护法律公平正义的有效办法。第四部分阐述我国目前在使用者责任制度方面的立法概况与以后在此基础上需要进行的一系列完善事宜。首先是对我国目前适用之使用者替代责任制在立法方面的现状进行概述,着重对我国目前关于使用者替代责任制度尚待完善的问题进行分析,进而在参考国外司法实践的基础上对目前我国存在的问题进行思考,并提出对使用者替代责任实体和程序两个方面进行完善建议。
[Abstract]:Under the background that the economic level of our country has been greatly improved and the process of market opening has been speeding up day by day, a new mode of cooperation has emerged in the domestic market, that is, the company will transfer its own business to other institutions to deal with it. The emergence of this new mode of cooperation has broken through the limitations of the traditional business model of the company and expanded the scope of business of the company, but at the same time, it also made the operation of the company have certain risks. A new problem arises-the possibility of damaging the interests of third parties in the course of acting by other agencies. Every country and region in the world has the system of user responsibility which adapts to its market, but it is different in the name of the system and the way of the responsibility. The United Kingdom, the United States and other countries adopt the "employer substitution responsibility system", while many countries in the continental law system adopt the "employer responsibility system". In addition, Taiwan is currently applicable to a more special "employer-liability". At present, our country to this problem regulation is not unified. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part expounds the basic theory and connotation of user substitution responsibility. Firstly, the author analyzes and defines the concept of the user, the user and the substitute responsibility of the user, and secondly, introduces the nature of the substitute responsibility of the user. In the end, the author expatiates on the relevant theories of user substitution liability in the field of legal theory, and finds out its advantages and disadvantages, and finally comes to the theoretical basis for the application of the system. The second part mainly expounds the constitutive elements and the principle of liability imputation. This paper mainly discusses the different provisions of the principle of imputation of user substitution liability in various countries, and analyzes the nature of the principle of imputation of user substitution liability in our country, and the three constitutive elements of the application process of user substitute liability. The third part mainly discusses the problems involved in the substitution liability. This part through the analysis of the internal responsibility and the external responsibility to bear two aspects of the responsibility to draw conclusions, followed by an analysis of the relevant issues in the right of recovery. It is suggested that due consideration should be given to providing for the user's right to recover from the user. This is also an effective way to consider the current situation of our legislation to safeguard the fairness and justice of the law. The fourth part describes the current legislation of the user liability system in China and a series of consummation issues that need to be carried out on this basis. First of all, it summarizes the current situation of the system of user substitution responsibility system in our country, focusing on the analysis of the problem that the system of user substitution responsibility is still to be perfected in our country. On the basis of reference to foreign judicial practice, the author thinks about the existing problems in our country, and puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of the entity and procedure of the substitute responsibility of the user.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

【共引文献】