解读与重构:《物权法》第五十三条中的国家机关财产使用权
发布时间：2019-06-05 22:27
【摘要】：在我国,国有财产属于全民所有,国有财产的使用直接关系着国家利益和人民福祉。国家机关负担着重要的社会管理和公共服务职能,客观上需要大量的国有财产作为其职能履行的物质手段。我国《物权法》在第五章规定了国有财产的归属和使用问题,在第五十三条明确规定了国家机关对国有财产的使用权。但是,遗憾的是法条并没有明确国家机关财产使用权的性质和类型,未能实现该权利的有名化和明确化,导致了国家机关对国有财产使用的混乱状况和司法实践上的困惑未能全部解决。笔者通过分析国家机关使用的国有财产的性质并考察国外国对家机关国有财产使用的立法例,认为俄罗斯法上的业务管理权以其独特的法权构造在国有财产利用方面有着较大的优势,值得我国借鉴。并通过对俄罗斯法上业务管理权的产生背景、权利性质、权利客体、权利特征、适用主体等多个方面进行分析研究,建议在其基础上以业务管理权对我国《物权法》中的国家机关使用权进行重构,以此实现我国国家机关财产使用权的有名化和权能结构的完善。本文除了引言、致谢外,正文共有七个部分。第一部分为国家机关财产使用权客体的范围及特征,通过研究罗马法、法国法、德国法、日本法、俄罗斯法和我国台湾地区法律中有关国有财产使用的立法例进一步明晰国家机关国有财产使用权的客体范围与特征;第二部分是对国家机关财产使用权性质的剖析,主要介绍了关于国家机关财产使用权性质的公权利说、私权利说与综合说;第三部分是对我国《物权法》第五十三条中国家机关财产使用权的解读与反思,指出我国《物权法》中国家机关财产使用权存在的问题及原因;第四部分是对俄罗斯法上业务管理权制度的介绍,从权利的产生背景、适用主体、特点和内容等多个角度出发对这一权利架构进行全面认识;第五部分为在我国《物权法》中构建业务管理权制度的路径探讨,主要从在我国《物权法》中建构业务管理权的必要性与可能性两个方面出发进行论证;第六部分为我国《物权法》中国家机关业务管理权制度的本土化建构问题,即结合我国实际从概念、权利性质、权利客体、权利主体、权利内容方面构建适合我国的业务管理权;第七部分为结语部分,在肯定《物权法》中业务管理权制度对国有财产使用将产生有益作用的前提下,提出在将来条件成熟时建立对国有财产利用统一管理的国有财产法的构想。
[Abstract]:In our country, the state-owned property belongs to the whole people, and the use of state-owned property is directly related to the national interests and the well-being of the people. State organs bear important social management and public service functions, and objectively need a large number of state-owned property as the material means for the performance of their functions. The fifth chapter of the property Law of our country stipulates the ownership and use of state-owned property, and Article 53 clearly stipulates the right to use state-owned property by state organs. Unfortunately, however, the law does not clarify the nature and type of property use rights of state organs, and fails to realize the naming and clarity of this right, As a result, the confusion of the use of state-owned property by state organs and the confusion in judicial practice have not been completely solved. By analyzing the nature of state-owned property used by state organs and investigating the legislative examples of the use of state-owned property by state-owned organs in foreign countries, It is considered that the business management right in Russian law has great advantages in the utilization of state-owned property because of its unique legal right structure, which is worth drawing lessons from in our country. And through the Russian law business management power generation background, the right nature, the right object, the right characteristic, the applicable subject and so on many aspects carries on the analysis and research, On the basis of it, it is suggested that the right to use the state organs in the property Law of our country should be reconstructed with the right of business management, so as to realize the nominalization of the right to the use of the property of the state organs in our country and the perfection of the structure of the right to use the property. In addition to the introduction and thanks, there are seven parts of the text. The first part is the scope and characteristics of the object of the right to use property of state organs, through the study of Roman law, French law, German law, Japanese law, The legislative examples of the use of state-owned property in Russian law and the law of Taiwan in China further clarify the scope and characteristics of the object of the right to use state-owned property in state organs. The second part is the analysis of the nature of the right to use the property of state organs, mainly introduces the theory of public rights, the theory of private rights and the comprehensive theory of the nature of the right to use property of state organs. The third part is the interpretation and reflection of Article 53 of the property Law of China, and points out the problems and causes of the right to use the property of Chinese household organs in the property Law of our country. The fourth part is the introduction of the business management power system in Russian law, from the background of the emergence of rights, applicable subjects, characteristics and content and other angles to carry out a comprehensive understanding of this right structure; The fifth part is to discuss the path of constructing the business management right system in the property Law of our country, mainly from two aspects: the necessity and the possibility of constructing the business management right in the property Law of our country. The sixth part is the localization construction of the business management power system of Chinese household organs in the property Law of our country, that is, according to the reality of our country, the concept, the nature of the right, the object of the right, the subject of the right, In terms of the content of rights, the construction of business management power suitable for our country; The seventh part is the conclusion part, on the premise that the business management power system in the property Law will have a beneficial effect on the use of state-owned property, This paper puts forward the idea of establishing a state-owned property law for the unified management of the utilization and management of state-owned property when the conditions are ripe in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2
本文编号：2493866
[Abstract]:In our country, the state-owned property belongs to the whole people, and the use of state-owned property is directly related to the national interests and the well-being of the people. State organs bear important social management and public service functions, and objectively need a large number of state-owned property as the material means for the performance of their functions. The fifth chapter of the property Law of our country stipulates the ownership and use of state-owned property, and Article 53 clearly stipulates the right to use state-owned property by state organs. Unfortunately, however, the law does not clarify the nature and type of property use rights of state organs, and fails to realize the naming and clarity of this right, As a result, the confusion of the use of state-owned property by state organs and the confusion in judicial practice have not been completely solved. By analyzing the nature of state-owned property used by state organs and investigating the legislative examples of the use of state-owned property by state-owned organs in foreign countries, It is considered that the business management right in Russian law has great advantages in the utilization of state-owned property because of its unique legal right structure, which is worth drawing lessons from in our country. And through the Russian law business management power generation background, the right nature, the right object, the right characteristic, the applicable subject and so on many aspects carries on the analysis and research, On the basis of it, it is suggested that the right to use the state organs in the property Law of our country should be reconstructed with the right of business management, so as to realize the nominalization of the right to the use of the property of the state organs in our country and the perfection of the structure of the right to use the property. In addition to the introduction and thanks, there are seven parts of the text. The first part is the scope and characteristics of the object of the right to use property of state organs, through the study of Roman law, French law, German law, Japanese law, The legislative examples of the use of state-owned property in Russian law and the law of Taiwan in China further clarify the scope and characteristics of the object of the right to use state-owned property in state organs. The second part is the analysis of the nature of the right to use the property of state organs, mainly introduces the theory of public rights, the theory of private rights and the comprehensive theory of the nature of the right to use property of state organs. The third part is the interpretation and reflection of Article 53 of the property Law of China, and points out the problems and causes of the right to use the property of Chinese household organs in the property Law of our country. The fourth part is the introduction of the business management power system in Russian law, from the background of the emergence of rights, applicable subjects, characteristics and content and other angles to carry out a comprehensive understanding of this right structure; The fifth part is to discuss the path of constructing the business management right system in the property Law of our country, mainly from two aspects: the necessity and the possibility of constructing the business management right in the property Law of our country. The sixth part is the localization construction of the business management power system of Chinese household organs in the property Law of our country, that is, according to the reality of our country, the concept, the nature of the right, the object of the right, the subject of the right, In terms of the content of rights, the construction of business management power suitable for our country; The seventh part is the conclusion part, on the premise that the business management power system in the property Law will have a beneficial effect on the use of state-owned property, This paper puts forward the idea of establishing a state-owned property law for the unified management of the utilization and management of state-owned property when the conditions are ripe in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2
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