初论运单与提单

发布时间：2018-02-10 13:14

本文关键词： 承运人清洁提单提单持有人海商法海上货物运输合同免责条款不完全过失责任制内河运输外贸运输空白背书　出处：《武汉交通管理干部学院学报》1994年Z1期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：正《中华人民共和国海商法》已于1993年7月1日起施行,它是严格按照国际标准来制定的,货物运输单证采用的是提单制,与国内沿海运输和内河运输的运单制是有所不同的,本文着重谈谈运单与提单的性质、区别以及今后如何统一的问题.运单:是我国目前国内水路运输中的主要运输票据之一,可作为合同,也可以作为提货凭证,也是商务货运事故处理的主要凭证之一.提单:我国海上外贸运输和到港澳地区的运输单证都是采用提单制,国际上的海上外贸运输也都是统一地采用提单制.1954年前,长江及我国其他内河也都是采用提单制.1954年下半年开始根据当时苏联计划经济模式,长江进行了运输票证改革,由当时的提单制改为运单制后,一直沿用到现在.1955年后全国内河水系也普遍由提单制改为运单制.提单按照国际上通用的解释是,由船长及承运人签发的,证明承托双方已订立海上货物运输合同,货物已由承运人接管或装船以及承运人据以交付货物的凭证.它具有以下性质:1.是承运人向托运人签发的货物收据,表明承运人已按提单所载内容收到货物,因此也
[Abstract]:The Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China has been put into effect since July 1st 1993. It is formulated in strict accordance with international standards. The cargo transport documents are based on a bill of lading system, which is different from that of domestic coastal transportation and inland waterway transport. This paper focuses on the nature of bill of lading and bill of lading and how to unify them in the future. Bill of lading is one of the main transport instruments in domestic waterway transportation in our country at present, which can be used as contract or as proof of delivery. Bill of lading is also one of the main documents for handling commercial freight accidents. Bill of lading is adopted in both China's maritime foreign trade transportation and transport documents to Hong Kong and Macao, and international maritime foreign trade transportation is also unified by bill of lading system. Before 1954, The Yangtze River and other inland rivers in China also adopt the bill of lading system. In the second half of 1954, according to the planned economic model of the Soviet Union at that time, the Yangtze River carried out the reform of transport tickets, which changed from the bill of lading system at that time to the bill of lading system. The bill of lading has been used until now. After 1955, the inland waterway system in the whole country was changed from bill of lading to bill of lading. According to the internationally accepted interpretation, the bill of lading was issued by the master and the carrier, certifying that the two parties had entered into a contract for the carriage of goods by sea. The goods have been taken over or loaded by the carrier and the documents on which they are delivered by the carrier. It has the following nature: 1. It is a receipt of goods issued by the carrier to the shipper, indicating that the carrier has received the goods as contained in the bill of lading, and therefore also
【作者单位】：交通部长江航务管理局法规处
【分类号】：D922.295

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