维护我国船员权益的研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 20:10

本文选题：维护　切入点：我国　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：船员是海运业的主力军,为了保障船员的合法权益,有关各国制定了大量法规加以保护。中国船员总数现在己达150多万人,居世界第一位,但他们的权益保障却远远不能适应航运业健康发展的现实需要。查阅我国法律、法规有关船员权益保护的内容,发现我国《海商法》、《船员条例》、《劳动法》、《工会法》等虽均有少量规定,却明显存在散、乱、乏力的问题。且由于我国在立法内容及技术方面的落后,加上管理制度及管辖权划分上的缺陷,使我国船员权益保障体系保障效果不理想。本文结合中国船员权益保护现状,比较借鉴相关国际公约和其他国家相关法律制度,以公共管理学、公共政策分析等理论为基础,吸收新公共服务理论的观念,就中国船员工资制度、遣返制度、救济制度和监督机制等内容做了初步的研究,尝试从多个方面对完善我国船员权益保护制度进行对策探索。我们认为,一方面,要努力提升船员的职业素养,提高他们的权利和义务意识,增强他们的维权能力,并解决船员与海事部门之间权利和义务关系不对等、不明确等突出问题,形成各方主动参与船员权益全程监管与保障的局面；另一方面,还要建议改进和完善船员管理制度,并对如何建立和实现海事主管,多方参与,高效运行的船员权益保障机制进行探讨。本文共分为5章。第1章阐述了选题背景和研究意义、国内外研究现状、本文的研究目的、研究方法及研究思路；第2章阐述了船员、权益、船员权益相关概念及科学发展观理论、人力资源管理理论、公共服务型政府理论等相关基础理论；第3章分析了我国船员权益保障现状、存在问题及其原因；第4章主要结合第3章的分析,分两部分提出维护我国船员权益的建议。一是提出要完善体制,明确各机构在船员权益保障中的职责；二是从船员权益保障管理制度改进建议、创新公共管理人员公共服务理念、政府功能准确定位、构建维护船员权益日常监督管理新机制、提升船员素质五个方面提出改革船员权益保障管理的建议；第5章提出我们对完善船员权益保障管理的几点思考。
[Abstract]:The crew is the main force in the maritime industry. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the crew, many countries concerned have formulated a large number of laws and regulations to protect them. The total number of crew members in China now stands at more than 1.5 million, ranking first in the world. However, the protection of their rights and interests is far from meeting the practical needs of the healthy development of the shipping industry. Refer to the contents of the laws and regulations of our country concerning the protection of the rights and interests of the crew, It is found that although there are a few regulations in China's Maritime Law, crew regulations, Labor Law, Trade Union Law, etc., they are obviously scattered, disorderly and weak. Moreover, due to the backwardness in the content and technology of legislation in our country, Combined with the defects of management system and jurisdiction division, the guarantee effect of crew rights and interests protection system in China is not ideal. Combined with the present situation of the protection of the rights and interests of Chinese crew members, this paper compares and draws on the relevant international conventions and relevant legal systems of other countries, based on the theories of public management and public policy analysis, and absorbs the concept of the new public service theory. This paper makes a preliminary study on the contents of China's crew wage system, repatriation system, relief system and supervision mechanism, and attempts to explore the countermeasures to improve the protection system of crew rights and interests in China from many aspects. We believe that, on the one hand, Efforts should be made to enhance the professional quality of crew members, raise their awareness of rights and obligations, enhance their ability to safeguard their rights, and resolve outstanding problems such as the unequal and unclear relationship between the rights and obligations of crew members and the maritime sector. Forming a situation in which all parties actively participate in the supervision and protection of crew rights and interests throughout the course; on the other hand, suggestions should be made to improve and perfect the crew management system, and to participate in various ways on how to establish and realize the maritime supervisor, The protection mechanism of crew rights and interests is discussed. This paper is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 describes the background and significance of the topic, domestic and foreign research status, the purpose of this study, research methods and research ideas, chapter 2 describes the crew, rights and interests, The related concepts of crew rights and interests, the theory of scientific development concept, the theory of human resources management, the theory of public service government and other related basic theories. Chapter 3 analyzes the status quo of the protection of crew rights and interests in China, problems and their causes. The fourth chapter mainly combines the analysis of Chapter 3, and puts forward the suggestions to safeguard the rights and interests of the crew in two parts. One is to perfect the system, and the other is to clarify the responsibilities of the organizations in the protection of the rights and interests of the crew, and the second is to improve the management system of the protection of the rights and interests of the crew. Innovating the concept of public service for public administrators, positioning the government functions accurately, constructing a new mechanism of daily supervision and management for the protection of crew rights and interests, and improving the quality of crew members put forward suggestions for reforming the management of crew rights and interests; Chapter 5 puts forward some thoughts on how to improve the management of crew rights and interests.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.296;D922.5

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