以投融资法律关系为视角的BT项目风险防范研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 04:40

本文选题：BT项目　切入点：BT投融资建设合同　出处：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：BT作为一种将社会资本引入政府投资项目的新型投融资建设模式，在中国得到了政府的青睐并广为应用。然而最近几年，市场上的BT项目可谓是真假参半，盲目开展BT项目，不仅导致其畸形发展，同时也凸显了融资平台运作的不规范。2012年底，四部委联合下发的463号文无疑是对本就存在一系列问题的BT项目的再次冲击，一方面地方政府及融资平台将面临“断供”，“借新还旧”的计划难以落地；另一方面，银行等金融借贷机构限制放款，投资人的融资成本将大大提高。本文站在463号文颁布的大背景下，以BT项目在国内外的发展模式为基础，从法律关系切入，逐个分析了BT项目主体（项目业主、投资人）、客体（项目和产权归属）和内容（BT投融资建设合同）在新政策下所面临的新风险。然后借鉴管理学和经济法的相关知识，以民商法的视角入手，对这些法律风险分别提出相对应的理论和实践防范措施。主体方面，就业主而言，一是缩小业主的构成，将政府排除在外，二是拓展业主的委任权和管理权，以提高工程的设计和监理水平；而投资人不仅需要选择好政府和联合投资人，还需要科学地设立项目公司，并以项目融资为基础建立有限追索机制。客体方面，首先要选择一个好项目，并把项目在建设阶段的产权转移给投资人或项目公司；其次在转让产权时，股权转让注意国有因素和隐藏债务，资产转让注意税收优惠政策；最后要拓宽回购担保的方式和力度。内容方面，明确合同的法律性质为具有投融资性质的新型合同，在此基础上，制定《BT投融资建设合同》示范文本，建立完善的合同管理体系，以减少合同风险。
[Abstract]:BT, as a new mode of investment and financing, has been favored and widely used by the government in China. However, in recent years, the BT projects in the market are mixed, blindly carrying out BT projects. It not only led to its abnormal development, but also highlighted the non-standard operation of the financing platform. At the end of 2012, the 463 text jointly issued by the four ministries is undoubtedly another impact on the BT project, which already has a series of problems. On the one hand, local governments and financing vehicles will face "foreclosure", "new and old" plans will be difficult to land; on the other hand, banks and other financial lending institutions will limit lending, investors will greatly increase the cost of financing. Under the background of the promulgation of the 463 document, based on the development model of BT project at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the main body of BT project (the owner of the project) from the perspective of legal relationship. The new risks faced by investors, object (project and property right ownership) and BT investment and financing construction contract under the new policy, and then draw lessons from the relevant knowledge of management and economic law, and start with the perspective of civil and commercial law. The corresponding theoretical and practical preventive measures are put forward for these legal risks. As far as the owners are concerned, one is to reduce the composition of the owners, to exclude the government, and the other is to expand the owners' power of appointment and management in order to improve the level of design and supervision of the project; Investors not only need to select government and joint investors, but also need to set up a project company scientifically, and establish a limited recourse mechanism based on project financing. And transfer the property right of the project in the construction stage to the investor or the project company; secondly, when transferring the property right, the equity transfer pays attention to the state-owned factor and the hidden debt, and the asset transfer pays attention to the preferential tax policy; Finally, it is necessary to broaden the way and strength of repurchase guarantee. In terms of content, it is clear that the legal nature of the contract is a new type of contract with investment and financing nature. On this basis, the model text of "BT Investment and financing Construction contract" should be formulated. Establish perfect contract management system to reduce contract risk.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.28

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