船舶碰撞民事责任因果关系问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 05:36

本文选题：船舶碰撞 + 因果关系　；参考：《大连海事大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：侵权行为法上因果关系的研究首先在海上运输中得以重视和发展,因果关系行为船舶碰撞民事责任的构成要件之一,无论是大陆法系侵权责任的三要件说、四要件说,还是英美法下侵权行为法理论,均予认同。我国海商法学界及司法实践中亦肯定因果关系要件。本文主要比较研究以及案例分析的研究方法,在论述中主要采取法律规范分析与实证分析,对船舶碰撞民事责任因果关系问题展开研究。全文除引言和结论外,共有五章组成：第一章论述了船舶碰撞的概念、分别从国际公约与我国相关法规的规定进行分析。船舶碰撞民事责任的构成要件,重点界定了船舶碰撞民事责任因果关系的含义。为后文的论述铺垫理论基础。第二章论述了一般情形下,船舶碰撞民事责任因果关系的认定理论。阐述了事实上原因和法律上原因的各认定理论,认定理论的发展及评价。第三章论述了介入因素存在情形下,船舶碰撞民事责任因果关系的认定。首先分析了必要条件理论、实质要素说和可预见性规则在判断原因链中断时的适用。分析介入因素的三种情形,并着重分析来源于受害方的介入因素认定为原因的情形。第四章论述了我国船舶碰撞民事责任因果关系认定理论现状和缺陷。主要是评析必要因果关系理论和因果关系推定原则,以及在实践应用中的不合理性。第五章论述了对我国船舶碰撞民事责任因果关系认定的完善意见。借鉴英美法系二分法的思维方式,结合相当因果关系理论对责任成立与责任范围限定,并在认定原因后分阶段的判断原因力的大小,以确认责任的分担。
[Abstract]:The study of causality in tort law is paid more attention to and developed in maritime transportation. One of the constitutive elements of civil liability for collision of ships in causality is the theory of three elements and four elements of tort liability in civil law system. The theory of tort law under Anglo-American law is accepted. In the field of maritime law and judicial practice, causality is also affirmed. This article mainly compares the research methods of the case analysis and the case analysis, mainly adopts the legal norm analysis and the empirical analysis in the elaboration, carries on the research to the ship collision civil liability causality question. In addition to the introduction and conclusions, the full text consists of five chapters: In the first chapter, the concept of ship collision is discussed. The elements of civil liability for ship collision focus on the definition of causality of civil liability for ship collision. It lays the theoretical foundation for the following discussion. The second chapter discusses the theory of causality of civil liability for ship collision. This paper expounds the identification theory of the factual cause and the legal reason, and the development and evaluation of the cognizance theory. Chapter three discusses the causality of civil liability for ship collision under the existence of intervention factors. Firstly, the necessary condition theory, the theory of essential elements and the rule of predictability in judging the interruption of cause chain are analyzed. Three cases of intervention factors are analyzed, and the cases where the intervention factors from the injured party are identified as the causes are emphatically analyzed. The fourth chapter discusses the current situation and defects of the theory of causality of civil liability for ship collision in China. It mainly analyzes the theory of necessary causality and the principle of presumption of causality, as well as the irrationality in practical application. The fifth chapter discusses the perfect opinions on the causality of civil liability for ship collision in China. Referring to the thinking mode of dichotomy in Anglo-American law system, combining with the theory of equivalent causality, the author defines the establishment of liability and the limitation of liability scope, and determines the power of determining the cause in stages after determining the cause, in order to confirm the sharing of responsibility.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.294;D923

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