船舶优先权法律属性研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 14:00

本文选题：船舶优先权 + 船舶优先权法律属性　；参考：《大连海事大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为海商法上最富特色的法律制度之一,船舶优先权始终是海商法理论和实践中最引人关注的的课题。很多国家虽然对船舶优先权有具体的规定,但是对船舶优先权法律属性的认定并不统一。理论界对船舶优先权的法律属性的争论也是历久不止。只有明确了船舶优先权法律属性,才能理解不同国家的法律规定。为了避免隐性的国际私法冲突,并且进一步解决在理论和实践中的疑惑,本文从船舶优先权的基本理论入手,以我国《海商法》为基础,分析了船舶优先权的概念和特征,并总结了各种立法和理论分歧,运用比较分析方法、系统分析方法等,研究得出船舶优先权是一项法定的程序性权利的结论,并在此基础上提出自己的见解及修改立法建议。第一部分主要概述船舶优先权的基本内涵,重点分析船舶优先权的概念和特征。我国《海商法》虽然对船舶优先权作了定义,但是没有明确规定船舶优先权属于何种性质的权利。这给船舶优先权法律属性的定位造成了一些难度。第二部分从立法和理论角度概述了当前国内外对船舶优先权法律属性认识存在的分歧。立法分歧有大陆法系和英美法系之别,其中两大法系内部,不同国家也各自有不同的规定。理论分歧存在程序权利说和实体权利说。实体权利说又分为物权说和债权说。第三部分讲述了笔者对船舶优先权法律属性的认识。笔者认为物权说,债权说和债权物权说虽有可取之处,但是这些学说并没有真正看到船舶优先权的法律属性。因而笔者从本源、制度设计、实现手段、私法冲突、立法体系角度深入分析,运用比较分析法和系统分析法等,认定船舶优先权是一项法定的程序性权利。第四部分提出了对我国船舶优先权制度设计的一些建议。笔者认为将船舶优先权定名为海事优先权更为确切。同时笔者认为可以借鉴企业破产中的做法,将船舶优先权规定在程序性法律法规当中。
[Abstract]:As one of the most characteristic legal systems in maritime law, maritime lien is always the most interesting subject in the theory and practice of maritime law. Many countries have specific provisions on maritime liens, but the legal attributes of maritime liens are not uniform. The dispute of the legal attribute of maritime lien in the theoretical circle is also long-lasting. Only when the legal attribute of maritime lien is clarified, can the legal provisions of different countries be understood. In order to avoid the hidden conflicts of private international law and further solve the doubts in theory and practice, this paper begins with the basic theory of maritime liens, and analyzes the concept and characteristics of maritime liens based on the maritime law of our country. In this paper, the author concludes that maritime lien is a legal procedural right by means of comparative analysis and systematic analysis, and puts forward his own opinions and legislative suggestions on the basis of summing up various legislative and theoretical differences. The first part mainly summarizes the basic connotation of maritime lien, and analyzes the concept and characteristics of maritime lien. Although maritime law of our country defines maritime liens, it does not clearly define the nature of maritime liens. This makes it difficult to locate the legal attribute of maritime lien. In the second part, the author summarizes the existing differences in the legal attributes of maritime liens both at home and abroad from the angle of legislation and theory. There are differences in legislation between civil law system and common law system. There are procedural rights and substantive rights in theoretical differences. The theory of substantive rights is divided into the theory of real right and the theory of creditor's rights. The third part describes the author's understanding of the legal attributes of maritime liens. The author thinks that the theory of real right and the theory of real right of creditor's rights have some merits, but these theories do not really see the legal attribute of maritime lien. Therefore, the author analyzes the origin, the system design, the means of realization, the conflict of private law, the legislative system, and finds that maritime lien is a legal procedural right by means of comparative analysis and system analysis. The fourth part puts forward some suggestions on the design of maritime lien system in China. The author thinks that it is more accurate to name maritime lien as maritime lien. At the same time, the author thinks that the maritime liens can be stipulated in the procedural laws and regulations.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.294

【参考文献】