论定期租船合同中租金支付条款下的出租人解除权及其相关问题

发布时间：2018-07-12 21:19

本文选题：解除权 + 租金支付　；参考：《上海海事大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 定期租船合同是合同法领域中一种比较特殊的法律现象。其作为海商法律的重要组成部分，同时又受各国合同法的调整，因此，包含许多复杂的法律问题。合同解除问题即为其中之一。定期租船合同中包含众多解除权，本文将论述焦点放在租金支付条款下出租人的解除权。在论述过程中，本文除了采用一般的叙述与议论的论述方法外，主要比较了我国与英国在这一领域的法律规定与合同解释的异同。前者是我国的国内法，而后者，由于众所周知的原因，应该可以认为代表了国际上在该领域的主流观点。本文主要分为四个部分，分别构成了本文主体的四章。第一章论述了英国法与中国法下行使题述解除权的依据。通过对两国法律中的合同解除制度作了逐层、条理清晰的分析之后，将题述解除权的性质归属为合同约定的解除权。另外，根据大陆法对权利的特有分类，题述的解除权依其作用在性质上又可归为形成权。通过第一章对题述解除权的定性分析，为后文探讨其行使时的具体问题提供了重要的理论基础。第二章主要介绍了题述解除权的行使条件。根据第一章所述，该解除权为约定解除权，，因此在论述其行使条件时，主要是总结了各标准定期租船格式的相关条款，所涉及的标准租船格式有1946年和1993年纽约土产格式、波尔的姆定期租船格式以及中租期租格式。从中归纳了两个行使题述解除权的条件：一为租金没有准时支付；二为租金没有足额支付，并分别进行了详细的论述。第三章从上述两章论述的内容出发，逐一讨论了题述解除权的行使方式、行使时间，并就行使过程中可能产生的问题作了深入的研究，这其中涉及英国法下重要的“弃权和禁止反言”理论，也涉及到中国合同法对解除权行使的相关规定。第四章致力于讨论定期租船合同中租金支付条款下合同解除权行使的法律后果。在论述时将讨论重点放在行使题述解除权时船上有载货的情形，并根据所签发的提单是出租人提单还是承租人提单进行分别论述。在签发出租人提单的情形下，着重分析了签发运费预付提单和运费到付提单的不同法律后果；在签发承租人提单的情形下，着重论述了承运人识别问题和我国海商法下实际承运人制度。本章最后就出租人行使题述解除权后的损害赔偿问题作了一定的讨论。
[Abstract]:Term charter party is a special legal phenomenon in the field of contract law. As an important part of maritime law, it is also regulated by the contract law of various countries. Therefore, it contains many complicated legal problems. The question of termination of contract is one of them. There are many rights of rescission in the term charter party. This paper will focus on the lessor's right of discharge under the rent payment clause. In the process of discussion, in addition to the general narration and argumentation, this paper mainly compares the similarities and differences between China and Britain in this field of legal provisions and contract interpretation. The former is China's domestic law, while the latter, for reasons known to all, should represent the mainstream international views in this field. This article is mainly divided into four parts, respectively constitute the main body of the four chapters. The first chapter discusses the basis of the exercise of the right of rescission under English law and Chinese law. By analyzing the system of rescission of contract layer by layer in the law of the two countries, the nature of the right of rescission is classified as the right of rescission as stipulated in the contract. In addition, according to the special classification of rights in continental law, the right of rescission can be classified as forming right according to its nature. The first chapter provides an important theoretical basis for the discussion of the specific problems in the exercise of the right of rescission. The second chapter mainly introduces the exercise conditions of the right of rescission. According to the first chapter, this right of discharge is an agreed right of discharge, so when discussing the conditions for its exercise, it mainly summarizes the relevant provisions of the standard time charter format, which involves the standard charter form of New York in 1946 and 1993. Bohr's time charter format and mid-term charter format. This paper summarizes two conditions for exercising the right of rescission: one is that the rent is not paid on time; the other is that the rent is not paid in full and is discussed in detail respectively. The third chapter starts from the contents of the above two chapters, discusses one by one the way and time of the exercise of the right of rescission, and makes an in-depth study on the problems that may arise in the course of the exercise. This involves the important theory of abstaining and estoppel under English law, and the relevant provisions of Chinese contract law on the exercise of rescission right. Chapter four is devoted to discussing the legal consequence of the right of rescission under rent payment clause in term charter party. The discussion focuses on the situation that there is cargo on board when the right of discharge is exercised, and is discussed separately according to whether the bill of lading issued is the lessor's bill of lading or the charterer's bill of lading. In the case of issuing the lessor's bill of lading, the different legal consequences of issuing the freight prepaid bill of lading and the freight to pay bill of lading are emphatically analyzed. The problem of carrier identification and the actual carrier system under China's maritime law are emphatically discussed. At the end of this chapter, the problem of compensation for damages after the lessor exercises the right of rescission is discussed.
【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D996.1;D923

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