保险保证条款研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 11:22
【摘要】：保险合同法中的“保证”是最大诚信原则中的重要内容。保险人在保险合同中运用保证条款旨在控制危险,确保保险标的处于良好的风险状态。完善保险合同法中的保证,有利于降低道德风险,增强被保险人对保险标的的管理责任,促进整个保险业的发展。保险合同中的保证条款是保证在合同中的表现形式,其在实务中的运用是非常频繁的。当前我国法律体系中缺失保险保证规定,且我国保险业务中的道德风险较高。因此,对保险保证的构建仍具有理论和现实意义,不仅可在理论上为保险保证之确立提供经济学理论支撑、充实诚实信用原则,而且可在实务上最大限度督促保险双方当事人诚实守信,具有重大意义。本文针对我国保险保证缺失现状,围绕保险保证是否有存在之必要,从理论和实务上进行回应。第二部分对我国和海外的保险保证制度现状进行了对比分析,对英国、美国、台湾地区以及国内保险保证的学术研究及法律规定进行介绍,进而揭露我国保险保证法律规定的不足之处。本文继而将视角回归国内,从我国法律、司法解释及法院内部指导意见上检视保险保证现状,可知当前我国保险保证处于于法无据的境况。而后对保险保证的内容进行深入探讨,对保险保证的法律性质属于“附随义务”还是“不真正义务”进行界定;对保证条款的形式要件进行分类;对保证条款内容定型化加以分析;对“争议最大的”违反保证条款的法律效力进行综合论述。最后以完善保险保证为落脚点,提出完善保险保证制度的一些思考,从最大诚信原则、契约自由原则、保险监督与保护消费者利益原则以及立法、司法与学理相一致的指导原则出发,对保险保证理论及制度进行深入探索。
[Abstract]:The guarantee in insurance contract law is an important part of the principle of maximum good faith. The insurer uses the warranty clause in the insurance contract to control the risk and ensure that the subject matter of insurance is in a good state of risk. Perfecting the guarantee in the insurance contract law is beneficial to reduce moral hazard, strengthen the insurant's responsibility to the subject matter of insurance, and promote the development of the insurance industry as a whole. The warranty clause in insurance contract is the manifestation of guarantee in contract, and its application in practice is very frequent. At present, insurance guarantee is absent in our country's legal system, and the moral hazard in insurance business is high. Therefore, the construction of insurance guarantee still has theoretical and practical significance, which can not only provide economic theoretical support for the establishment of insurance guarantee, but also enrich the principle of good faith. Moreover, it is of great significance to urge the insurance parties to be honest and trustworthy to the maximum extent in practice. In view of the present situation of the absence of insurance guarantee in China, this paper makes a theoretical and practical response to whether the insurance guarantee is necessary or not. The second part makes a comparative analysis of the current situation of insurance guarantee system in China and overseas, and introduces the academic research and legal provisions of insurance guarantee in Britain, the United States, Taiwan and China. Furthermore, it reveals the deficiency of the law of insurance guarantee in our country. This article then returns the angle of view to domestic, from our country law, the judicial interpretation and the court internal guidance opinion to examine the insurance guarantee present situation, know our country insurance guarantee is in the legal unsubstantiated situation at present. Then the content of insurance guarantee is deeply discussed, the legal nature of insurance guarantee is defined as "collateral obligation" or "unreal obligation", and the formal elements of warranty clause are classified. This paper analyzes the formalization of the content of warranty clause, and comprehensively discusses the legal effect of the most controversial breach of warranty clause. Finally, the author puts forward some thoughts on the perfection of insurance guarantee system, including the principle of maximum good faith, the principle of freedom of contract, the principle of insurance supervision and protection of consumers' interests, and the legislation. Proceeding from the guiding principle of consistent judicial and academic principles, the theory and system of insurance guarantee are deeply explored.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.284
本文编号：2119182
[Abstract]:The guarantee in insurance contract law is an important part of the principle of maximum good faith. The insurer uses the warranty clause in the insurance contract to control the risk and ensure that the subject matter of insurance is in a good state of risk. Perfecting the guarantee in the insurance contract law is beneficial to reduce moral hazard, strengthen the insurant's responsibility to the subject matter of insurance, and promote the development of the insurance industry as a whole. The warranty clause in insurance contract is the manifestation of guarantee in contract, and its application in practice is very frequent. At present, insurance guarantee is absent in our country's legal system, and the moral hazard in insurance business is high. Therefore, the construction of insurance guarantee still has theoretical and practical significance, which can not only provide economic theoretical support for the establishment of insurance guarantee, but also enrich the principle of good faith. Moreover, it is of great significance to urge the insurance parties to be honest and trustworthy to the maximum extent in practice. In view of the present situation of the absence of insurance guarantee in China, this paper makes a theoretical and practical response to whether the insurance guarantee is necessary or not. The second part makes a comparative analysis of the current situation of insurance guarantee system in China and overseas, and introduces the academic research and legal provisions of insurance guarantee in Britain, the United States, Taiwan and China. Furthermore, it reveals the deficiency of the law of insurance guarantee in our country. This article then returns the angle of view to domestic, from our country law, the judicial interpretation and the court internal guidance opinion to examine the insurance guarantee present situation, know our country insurance guarantee is in the legal unsubstantiated situation at present. Then the content of insurance guarantee is deeply discussed, the legal nature of insurance guarantee is defined as "collateral obligation" or "unreal obligation", and the formal elements of warranty clause are classified. This paper analyzes the formalization of the content of warranty clause, and comprehensively discusses the legal effect of the most controversial breach of warranty clause. Finally, the author puts forward some thoughts on the perfection of insurance guarantee system, including the principle of maximum good faith, the principle of freedom of contract, the principle of insurance supervision and protection of consumers' interests, and the legislation. Proceeding from the guiding principle of consistent judicial and academic principles, the theory and system of insurance guarantee are deeply explored.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.284
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