票据犯罪问题研究

发布时间：2019-03-25 21:31

【摘要】： 近年来经济交往活动日益频繁与扩大，与之相伴生的经济犯罪亦呈现较快的发展趋势。在现代社会经济生活中，票据作为商业信用的载体，发挥着特别重要的作用，甚至被称为“商业货币”。在经济犯罪中，票据犯罪更是呈现出其独特的发展态势。票据犯罪是票据流通中非常态交易实现方式，票据犯罪的多发性与票据应用的广泛性有关，而且随着国际金融全球化的发展，票据的变化和发展都会影响票据犯罪态势。所以研究票据犯罪的特点与规律，关系到当前与未来保障票据交易安全和维护金融秩序的重大问题。票据作为一种信用工具，在经济交往中发挥着无法取代的重要作用，因此，研究票据犯罪具有保障金融安全的实际意义。其次，研究票据犯罪有刑事法学的理论价值。在司法实践中，票据犯罪的罪与非罪和此罪与彼罪的界限问题，是认定的难点问题。所以票据犯罪值得进行专门研究。全文主要包括三部分的内容。第一部分是关于票据犯罪概述。包括我国的《中华人民共和国票据法》(以下简称《票据法》)上规定的票据种类、我国关于票据犯罪的法律规定、票据犯罪的概念、票据犯罪的特点。研究分析票据犯罪，首先需要理清票据的概念和种类，明白票据犯罪的特点，在此基础上，还需要充分了解我国关于票据犯罪的法律规定，这些内容都是研究票据犯罪问题的基础和前提。第二部分主要分析二大类票据犯罪即伪造、变造票据犯罪和票据诈骗犯罪中的若干问题。伪造、变造票据犯罪和票据诈骗犯罪相对于其他类型的票据犯罪，在司法实践中的问题比较多，，缘于理论应当指导实践并为实践服务的目的，本文对司法实践中存在问题较多的这两种类型的犯罪作了较多的阐述。对于学界曾经存在争议，但现在认识比较一致的观点，本文或者一笔带过或者不作论述，以便集中精力地研究目前理论界仍执争议的观点和学说。如关于票据伪造的分类，学界存在不同的分类观点，但本文将学界有关票据伪造的分类加以整理分析，在先前的票据犯罪研究中未曾出现。另外，“伪造”、“变造”的解释，理论界争论很多，本文也作了较多的阐述和分析。第三部分论述了票据犯罪的成因及防范，首先，对票据犯罪的形成发展的原因进行了分析。其次，对票据犯罪的预防提出了相应的对策，本文关于票据犯罪的预防涵盖了法律防范和非法律防范两个方面。《票据法》和《刑法》都对票据犯罪予以规定，但是我国的票据犯罪立法存在明显不足之处，而且这些法律规定更新的速度显然滞后于票据犯罪的迅速发展。法律防范是为了更为有效地预防和打击不断变换手段和种类的票据犯罪，从票据犯罪法律规定角度出发进行研究分析的。在文中的法律防范中提出了建议在票据犯罪的刑罚种类中增设资格刑，这是本文的创新之处。另外针对现有法律规定不一致或者不足之处，进行更新和出台相关的司法解释是适应实践发展需要的合理之举。非法律防范从票据犯罪法律规定以外的其他方面分析研究预防票据犯罪的方法。期望在具备条件的情况下，对于这些有益的建议和措施有权机关能够予以采纳，以最大限度地减少票据犯罪，保护票据当事人的合法权益，充分实现立法的目的，稳定我国的金融秩序。票据的基础知识属于商法研究的对象，本文对此未作过多的阐述，如票据的功能、特征、票据权利和票据行为等均未做展开论述。本文三部分的内容是从《票据法》和《刑法》的票据犯罪相关规定入手，重点分析伪造、变造票据犯罪和票据诈骗犯罪。通过对票据犯罪的特点、票据犯罪中常现的问题及票据犯罪的成因及防范的论述，希望对票据犯罪研究起到一定的推动作用，亦期望在司法实践中对票据犯罪的追诉和惩罚起到一定借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the activities of economic exchanges have become more and more frequent and expanded, and the economic crime associated with it also has a faster development trend. In the modern social and economic life, the paper plays a particularly important role as a carrier of commercial credit, even called the "commercial currency". In the economic crime, the crime of the bill presents its unique development situation. Bill crime is a kind of transaction in the circulation of the bill, the multiple of the bill crime is related to the wide range of the application of the bill, and with the development of the international financial globalization, the change and the development of the bill will be affected. The paper studies the characteristics and the law of the bill crime, and the relationship between the current and the future guarantee of the security and maintenance of the financial rank of the bill. The paper, as a kind of credit tool, plays an important role in economic exchanges and plays an important role in economic exchanges. Therefore, the research of bill crime has the guarantee of financial safety. The second is to study the criminal law of the bill. The theoretical value of the study. In the judicial practice, the crime and the non-crime of the bill crime and the boundary between the crime and the crime are the recognition. The problem of the fixed difficulty. So the crime of the bill is worth it. Make a special study. The full text mainly includes three parts. The first part is the summary of the bill of crime. It includes the types of the instruments stipulated in the Bill of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Bill of the People's Republic of China). The legal provisions, the concept of the bill crime, the characteristic of the bill crime, the study and analysis of the bill crime, first need to clear the concept and kind of the bill, understand the characteristic of the bill crime, on this basis, also need to know the legal provisions of our country on the bill of crime, These contents are the basis and premise of the study of the crime of the bill. The second part mainly analyzes the two main categories. Some of the problems in the crime of bill crime, such as the forgery, the crime of making the bill, and the crime of the defraud of the bill. The crime of the forgery, the crime of making the bill and the crime of the fraud of the bill with respect to other types of instruments is in the judicial practice. The problems in the thesis are much more, and the theory should guide the practice and serve the purpose of the practical service. There are many problems in the practice of the administration of justice, and the two types of crime have been elaborated. In order to focus on the study of the viewpoints and theories that still hold a dispute in the theoretical field, such as the classification of the counterfeit of the bill, the different classification opinions exist in the academic field, but the paper introduces the relevant instruments in the academic field. Forged classification is sorted and analyzed, and has not appeared in the previous study of bill crime. In addition, "forge",

make-up " is a lot of arguments in the field of theory, and the article also makes a lot of exposition and analysis. The causes and prevention of the bill crime are described. First, the reason of the development of the bill crime is analyzed. Secondly, the prevention of the bill crime is put forward. In this paper, the prevention of bill crime covers two aspects of legal protection and non-legal protection. It is obvious that the speed of the renewal of these laws is obviously lagging behind the rapid development of the bill crime. The legal protection is to prevent and combat the crime more effectively On the basis of the law of the bill of crime, the law of the law of the crime of the crime of the crime of the crime of the crime of the crime of the crime of the crime of the crime of the crime of the crime of the In the prevention, it is suggested to add the qualification penalty in the penalty category of the bill crime, which is the innovation of this paper. The author's shortcomings, the renewal and the relevant judicial interpretation are the reasonable steps to adapt to the development of practice. Non-legal protection from other aspects other than the provisions of the bill's criminal law. It is expected that, in the case of a provision, these useful recommendations and measures can be adopted by the authorities to minimize the number of instruments The crime, the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, the full realization of the purpose of the legislation, and the stability of the financial order of our country. The basic knowledge of the instrument is the right of the study of the commercial law For example, this article has not discussed much about this article, such as the functions, features, bill rights and bill behavior of the paper. The contents of this paper are from < On the basis of the relevant provisions of the bill crime of the law of the bill and the criminal law, the paper focuses on the analysis of the crime of the forgery, the crime of making the bill and the crime of the defraud of the bill. The author hopes to make the bill of the bill by the characteristics of the crime of the bill, the common problems in the crime of the bill and the cause and the prevention of the crime of the bill.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D924.3;D922.287

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