规范与重构:基层法院民事审判庭设置的实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 22:50

本文关键词： 民事审判庭设置司法工作量管理幅度　出处：《法律适用》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基层法院民事审判庭的典型特征表现为"三多三乱",即:庭室数量多、法官数量多、案件数量多;设置标准乱、案件分配乱、裁判标准乱,导致各民事审判庭权责不清、裁判标准不统一、审判质效与审判庭设置无关、人民法庭法官和案件数量严重不足。原因在于:审判专业化背景下对民事审判资源进行再分配的内在要求、与上级法院保持一致的现实需要、"运动式"司法下审理某类案件的当然举措、机构撤并遇阻后的客观结果、渠道不畅下法官晋升的另一种选择。基层法院民事审判庭设置应以司法工作量、法官司法能力和管理幅度为依据,遵循精简高效、因地制宜的原则,做到"保证实现职能前提下的最少",在目前状况下,撤销合并应成为关键。人民法庭的撤销合并则应在"两便"原则下进行,"需则设,不需则撤"。在撤销合并民事审判庭的同时,应同步加强审判组织专业化建设,加强巡回审判。
[Abstract]:The typical features of the civil division of the grass-roots courts are "three, many, three chaos", namely: the number of chambers, the number of judges, the number of cases; The disorder of setting standards, the disorder of case distribution and the disorder of judgment standard lead to the confusion of the powers and responsibilities of each civil trial court, the disunity of the judgment standard, and the trial quality and effectiveness have nothing to do with the establishment of the trial court. People's Court judges and the number of cases are seriously inadequate. The reason is: the inherent requirements of redistribution of civil trial resources in the context of trial specialization, and the need to maintain consistency with the actual needs of higher courts. The natural measure of hearing a certain kind of case under the "sports type" judicature, the objective result after the institution is withdrawn and blocked, the other choice of the judge promotion under the lack of the channel. The setting up of the civil division of the basic court should be based on the judicial workload. On the basis of judicial capacity and management range of judges, we should follow the principle of simplification, efficiency and local conditions, and achieve "the minimum under the premise of ensuring the realization of functions", under the present situation. The revocation and merger of the people's Court should be carried out under the principle of "two means", "if it is necessary, it is not necessary to withdraw"... at the same time of abolishing and merging the civil court. We should simultaneously strengthen the specialized construction of trial organization and strengthen the circuit trial.
【作者单位】：北京市第二中级人民法院;
【分类号】：D926.2
【正文快照】： 基层法院的职能在于“分流案件,解决纠纷”,[1]民事审判庭设置是否合理,直接关系到民事案件审判质效,关系到人民法院调处纠纷、化解矛盾职能的发挥。本文以某高级法院所辖的6个具有代表性的基层法院为样本,在剖析现状、分析成因的基础上,有针对性地探求改革路径。样本法院基

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