丹尼斯公式的启示:言论自由的维度——一种宪法经济学的进路

发布时间：2018-03-01 15:33

  本文关键词： 思想产品 丹尼斯公式 边际效用 言论自由 新闻检查　出处：《东岳论丛》2011年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：美国联邦上诉法院法官汉德在"美国诉丹尼斯案件(United States v.Dennis)"中,从宪法经济学视角对具有一定经济逻辑的言论自由、出版自由的宪法规则进行分析,提出了丹尼斯公式,将其作为一种衡量言论限制、新闻限制合理与否、适当与否的宪法经济学准则。该准则对于探求言论自由维度的启示是:有害言论成功率的高低决定了社会对于该言论的容忍程度;特别危机情形的出现才能使言论控制、新闻检查获得理所当然的正当性。结合经济学的边际效用原则,丹尼斯公式显示:一定地域内,报刊杂志数量越多,"另类"声音的效用越是受到抑制,言论和新闻限制的力度可降低,即降低报刊杂志的发行门槛,是抑制"另类"声音效用有效的低成本途径。
[Abstract]:In the case of United States v. Dennis, Judge of the Federal Court of Appeals of the United States analyzed the constitutional rules of freedom of speech and freedom of the press with certain economic logic from the perspective of constitutional economics, and put forward the Dennis formula. As a measure of whether the restrictions on speech, the restrictions on news are reasonable, The implication for exploring the dimension of freedom of speech is that the success rate of harmful speech determines the degree of tolerance of the society for the expression, and that the emergence of special crisis situations can make speech control. Censorship is justifiably justified. Combined with the marginal utility principle of economics, Dennis's formula shows that the more newspapers and magazines there are in a given region, the more the utility of "alternative" voices is suppressed. Restrictions on speech and news can be reduced, that is to say, lowering the threshold for publication of newspapers and magazines is an effective low-cost way to curb the effectiveness of "alternative" voices.
【作者单位】： 青岛大学法学院;
【分类号】：D911
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本文编号：1552555