宪法中公民义务研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 22:35

本文选题：宪法　切入点：公民义务　出处：《电子科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：宪法中公民义务与公民权利宪政功能上存在价值主从关系,但并非是义务附属于权利,它有其自己独特的存在价值,就其本身关系讲二者价值等同。一国的宪政理念、宪法文本的内容、宪法文本的规定的方式与特定国家的历史文化传统、意识形态等是紧密相联系的。例如,英国的保守主义和尊重传统的思想支撑着其良好的宪政秩序;而作为第一部成文宪法的美国宪法文本中保障国家存续的公民的义务则主要体现在“国家权力”的相关条款中;其他各成文宪法国家也由于其制宪历史的背景不同,在宪法中关于公民义务的规定内容与形式等方面表现出了较大的差异。因此,研究宪法中公民义务的内容类型,不同位置,存在方式及其实现等对于深刻理解、规范“基本义务”,适用“基本义务”并进而强化宪法基础理论,完善宪法文本,畅通规范实现路径有着重大理论意义和实践意义。本文拟在对宪法中公民义务的法理进行较为系统的梳理基础上,以宪法上规定的公民义务内容更合理;规定方式更明确;规范更具规范性;规范实现更畅通从而更有效的保障国家存续进而保障公民权利真正实现为主要目标。围绕宪法中公民义务的内容类型,规定方式,规范的规范性,规范实现为主要内容展开;在仔细分析宪法文本的基础上尝试提出完善我国宪法中公民义务文本和实现路径的建议。论文共六章,内容如下:第一章:导论。包括问题提出,研究意义,研究方法,主要内容。第二章:宪法中公民义务概述。包括宪法中公民义务的概念,宪法中公民义务相关概念及关系,宪法中公民义务法理基础。第三章:宪法中公民义务规范分析。包括公民义务规范在宪法文本中的位置地位,公民义务规范的内容及分类,公民义务规范的形式及分类,公民义务规范的法律性质。第四章:宪法中公民义务实现。包括宪法中公民义务规范实现之前提,宪法中公民义务实现之表述,宪法中公民义务实现之主体。第五章:我国宪法中公民义务及完善。包括宪法中是否应该规定公民义务之争,宪法规定公民义务规范之完善,宪法中公民义务规范实现路径之探究。第六章:结语。对本文的研究的内容及不足做一概括和总结。
[Abstract]:In the constitution, there exists the relationship between the civil obligation and the constitutional function of the citizen's right, but it is not the obligation attached to the right. It has its own unique existence value, and the value of the two is equal in terms of its own relationship. The content of the constitution text, the way the constitution text prescribes is closely related to the historical and cultural tradition and ideology of a particular country. For example, the conservatism and the thought of respecting the tradition in Britain support its good constitutional order; As the first written constitution of the United States, the obligation to protect the citizens of the state is mainly reflected in the relevant provisions of "state power". Other constitutional countries have different backgrounds because of their constitution-making history. There are great differences in the content and form of the civil obligation in the constitution. Therefore, it is deeply understood to study the content type, different position, existence mode and realization of the civil obligation in the constitution. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to standardize "basic obligation", to apply "basic obligation" and to strengthen the basic theory of constitution, to perfect the text of constitution and to smooth the way of realizing standard. On the basis of systematically combing the legal principle of the civil obligation in the constitution, this article intends to make the content of the civil obligation stipulated in the constitution more reasonable, the way of the stipulation is clearer, the norm is more normative. The main goal is to ensure the existence of the state and the realization of the civil rights. The main content is the content type of the civil obligation in the constitution, the way of stipulation, the standard of the norm and the realization of the norm. On the basis of careful analysis of the text of the Constitution, this paper tries to put forward some suggestions on how to perfect the text and the path of realization of the civil obligation in the Constitution of our country. The thesis consists of six chapters: chapter one: introduction, including the question raising, the significance of the research, the research methods, Chapter two: the outline of the Civil obligation in the Constitution, including the concept of the Citizen's obligation in the Constitution, the related Concepts and Relations of the Citizen's obligation in the Constitution, Chapter three: analysis of the norms of Civil duties in the Constitution, including the position of the norms of Civil duties in the text of the Constitution, the content and classification of the norms of Civil duties, the forms and classifications of the norms of Civil duties, Chapter 4th: the realization of the Civil obligation in the Constitution, including the premise of the realization of the Civil obligation in the Constitution, the expression of the realization of the Citizen's obligation in the Constitution, The main body of the realization of the citizen's obligation in the constitution. Chapter 5th: the citizen obligation and its perfection in the constitution of our country, including whether the civil obligation should be stipulated in the constitution and the perfection of the norm of the citizen's obligation in the constitution, Chapter 6th: conclusion. Summarize and summarize the contents and shortcomings of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D921

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