从国家主权与历史传统看香港特区政治体制

发布时间：2018-03-21 07:51

本文选题：香港特区政治体制　切入点：国家主权　出处：《法学》2015年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：邓小平在《香港特别行政区基本法》起草期间,明确否定了香港特区实行西方政治体制的主张,坚持国家主权、兼顾香港历史、不照搬西方政治制度模式成为设计香港特区政治体制的指导思想。《香港特别行政区基本法》基于中央对香港特区的主权性管治权,规定了全国人大及其常委会、中央人民政府(国务院)对香港特别行政区的一部分立法权、行政权和法律适用的约束权;基于尊重香港历史传统,《香港特别行政区基本法》将原来的总督制度改造成行政主导制度,将原来体现"行政吸纳政治"的行政局制度改造成行政会议制度,将原来的英美法系传统基本保留。以往对香港特区政治体制的研究,仅从"行政主导,立法和行政之间既互相制衡、又互相配合,司法独立"这一范畴来论证香港特区政治体制既非英式议会内阁制,也非美式三权分立制度,而未从国家主权和香港历史角度加以考察。
[Abstract]:During the drafting of the basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region, Deng Xiaoping explicitly rejected the proposal of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region to implement the western political system, adhered to state sovereignty, and took into account the history of Hong Kong. Not copying the western political system model has become the guiding ideology in the design of the political system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region. The basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region, based on the sovereignty of the Central people's Government over the Hong Kong Special Administrative region, stipulates the National people's Congress and its standing Committee. The power of the Central people's Government (State Council) to regulate part of the legislative, executive and legal application of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region; In order to respect the historical traditions of Hong Kong, the basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region has transformed the original Governor system into an executive-led system, and the Executive Council system, which originally embodied "political absorption by the executive", has been transformed into the Executive Council system. In the past, the study of the political system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region only focused on "executive-led, checks and balances between the legislature and the executive authorities, as well as coordination with each other." This paper argues that the political system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region (HKSAR) is neither a British parliamentary cabinet system nor an American-style system of separation of powers, but not examined from the perspective of state sovereignty and the history of Hong Kong.
【作者单位】：上海市文史研究馆;华东政法大学;
【分类号】：D921.9

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