我国安乐死立法的合宪性研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 09:09

本文选题：安乐死 + 生命权　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪以来,安乐死问题一直在世界范围内激烈论争着。伴随着各种关于安乐死的医疗案例和法律案件的发生,安乐死立法成为各国法学界无法回避的议题。少数国家已经走在了安乐死立法的前列,通过安乐死法案,承认法律规范的安乐死行为合法。当今,我国未对安乐死立法,其合法性并未得到宪法的保护。本文在厘清安乐死概念的基础上,通过对国内外安乐死立法现状及司法现状的研究,得出我国已经初步形成了安乐死立法的环境。本文从宪法学学理角度,对安乐死立法与宪法规定的道德标准进行阐述,对安乐死立法与宪法基本权利之生命权之间的问题进行论证,从宪法理论层面确定安乐死立法的合宪性。对世界上一些国家的安乐死立法现状加以陈述后,本文又对安乐死立法经历的合宪性争议加以论述。安乐死立法合宪性过程中经历的争议表现为多种多样,诸如安乐死概念的模糊性,对生命权内容是否包含生命自主权的理解不同,安乐死行为对社会危害性的大小,以及可能存在的安乐死的滥用和滑坡情况的控制成效等等。对于该争议过程中种种问题的解决,本文归纳为,在安乐死立法过程中,需要以严谨的态度正确认识安乐死行为,结合已有经验及具体国情采取合理合法的方式与程序。从理论到实践需要理性的思考,本文认为安乐死立法进程中基于我国现实基础必须要注意几个问题,详见正文。当然立法过程中少不了立法原则的限制,即恪守生命权原则、知情自愿原则和正当法律程序原则。
[Abstract]:Since the 20 th century, euthanasia has been a heated debate all over the world. With the occurrence of various medical cases and legal cases about euthanasia, euthanasia legislation has become an unavoidable issue in the field of law. A few countries have been in the forefront of euthanasia legislation, the adoption of euthanasia acts, legal norms of euthanasia legal. At present, our country has not legislated on euthanasia, and its legitimacy has not been protected by the constitution. On the basis of clarifying the concept of euthanasia, this paper studies the current situation of euthanasia legislation and judicial status at home and abroad, and concludes that the environment of euthanasia legislation has been initially formed in China. From the perspective of constitutional jurisprudence, this paper expounds the moral standards stipulated in euthanasia legislation and constitution, and demonstrates the problems between euthanasia legislation and the right to life of the basic constitutional rights. The constitutionality of euthanasia legislation is determined from the angle of constitutional theory. After stating the current situation of euthanasia legislation in some countries in the world, this paper discusses the constitutionality controversy of euthanasia legislation. In the process of constitutionality of euthanasia legislation, there are many kinds of controversies, such as the ambiguity of euthanasia concept, the different understanding of whether the content of the right to life includes life autonomy, the harm of euthanasia behavior to the society. And the possible abuse of euthanasia and landslide control and so on. In the process of euthanasia legislation, it is necessary to correctly understand euthanasia behavior with strict attitude and adopt reasonable and legal methods and procedures in combination with existing experience and specific national conditions. From theory to practice, the author thinks that in the process of euthanasia legislation, we must pay attention to several problems based on the reality of our country, see the text for details. Of course, there must be limitations of legislative principles in the legislative process, that is, abide by the principle of right to life, the principle of voluntary informed and due process of law.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D921

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