从公募到非公募：徐永光与他的慈善公益之路
发布时间：2019-06-28 16:40
【摘要】：建国以来,特别是改革开放三十多年来,当代慈善公益事业虽历经坎坷曲折,但仍破浪前行。一方面,思想认识上的误解与偏见、制度上的阻碍与制约、慈善意识的薄弱和慈善法律的缺失、慈善不良事件的频发和公信力的滑坡等困绕着慈善公益事业的发展。另一方面,2008年“全民慈善”开启,2011年“微公益”勃兴,慈善公益事业迎来了发展的春天,现已进入转型发展的重要时期:慈善法律制度正在不断健全和完善,基金会准入门槛降低;慈善体制改革被更多人关注,改革的顶层设计也蓄势待发;慈善公益行业自律性和规范性增强,优胜劣汰、平等竞争、透明公开的趋势已不可阻挡,现代管理体系建设愈显紧迫;公众的慈善意识不断增强,参与慈善、奉献爱心的意愿日益增加,而现代科学信息技术的发展使公众全方位监督成为现实;打造慈善公益事业升级版成为历史和时代的双重使命。徐永光是共和国的同龄人,作为当代中国慈善公益事业发展道路上一位极具代表性的人物,他不仅富有慈善眼光,更有煌煌慈善业绩。他生长在一个“人人谈慈善色变”的敏感时代,政府排斥慈善,民众敌视慈善,社会不容慈善,而他却以敏锐的眼光发现,慈善必将大兴。贫困的出身、坚强的意志、爱心的积淀以及贫困儿童那渴望的目光,最终促使他辞官从善,在慈善领域开创了人生全新的历史篇章。他热衷社会慈善公益事业,一次次纠正世人对慈善事业的误解和偏见。他先后创办了中国青基会、希望工程、南都基金会、基金会中心网等公益事业,在新中国复杂的制度环境与慈善土壤中探索自己的“希望”,在公募与非公募基金会的夹缝中寻求民间慈善公益的生存之道。从庙堂到民间的慈善公益人生,见证了当代中国慈善公益事业60多年的沧桑巨变。可以说,他是我国公募基金会创始人之一,也是我国非公募基金会的开拓者之一,他致力求索我国慈善公益事业的发展的康庄大道,一路走来,风光无限好。本研究分导论、正文、结论三大块。导论部分:阐述选题背景、研究动态、研究意义、研究思路、研究框架、研究方法、主要创新点及不足之处等。正文部分有五章:第一章,宏观分析徐永光投身慈善公益事业的背景。一方面概述中国当代慈善公益事业的发展概况,使本研究有活水为源,有深根为本。一方面梳理徐永光投身慈善公益事业的个性特色。通过对徐永光苦涩的童年、早期职业生涯和人生经历、共青团中央时期的成长与感悟等的分析,引出徐永光走慈善公益之路的个性特色。第二章,剖析徐永光的公募慈善之路。在对徐永光与青基会、希望工程以及中华慈善总会进行剖析的基础上,探讨我国官办慈善的实际运作模式以及存在的问题。第三章,剖析徐永光的非公募慈善之路。通过对徐永光与南都基金会以及中国基金会中心网的分析,探讨非公募慈善事业发展的优势与空间,以及在现有体制下如何培育我国非公募慈善事业健康发展的“生态”环境,如何进一步促使其发展壮大。第四章,解读徐永光的慈善公益思想。对徐永光的慈善公益之路进行反思,分析他的成败得失,研究一个个体如何在有限的条件下实现自己的价值;对徐永光的公益慈善思想全方位解读,探析他的慈善公益思想形成与演变的轨迹,研究他的慈善公益思想对当代慈善事业发展的影响。第五章,慈善路上特立独行的徐永光。对徐永光做一个总体性的评价,在中国当代慈善公益领域,他是一个特立独行的人,一个言行如一的人,一个勇于实践的人,一个积极探索的人,一个追求卓越的人,但也受时代的局限,其慈善实践和思想都有一定的局限性。解析他慈善公益人生有何特点,他的选择与坚持有什么意义,他的探索与开拓对中国慈善公益事业的发展有何影响,他的慈善公益人生的不可复制性与独特性给予了我们什么样的启示;通过对其慈善公益之路的探析,挖掘徐永光不一样的优势或过人之处,探寻他的慈善公益之路对当代慈善事业的启示。结论部分:徐永光在官民之间游走了二十多年,从团中央到官办的慈善机构再到纯粹的民间基金会,他遵从的心的召唤、他寻求真正的突破,他思考更卓越的慈善理念,他坚持做社会需要的慈善事业,他走出了一条特立独行的慈善公益之路!他对慈善事业进行顶层设计,注重行业引领;他对我国慈善公益体制改革、制度建设、民间公益、财富归属、社会创新、文化理念以及组织治理等诸方面进行着全方位的探索与实践。毫无疑问,他是各类基金会普遍认可的领袖式人物,是中国当代公益慈善界重量级人物。作为中国当代慈善公益事业的开拓者之一,他用他一生的经历揭示了中国当代慈善公益事业发展的三大趋势:一是当代慈善公益事业由公募慈善一枝独秀的状态走向公募与非公募慈善二者并存,但相当长一段时期内公募慈善仍将占主导地位;二是完善以“党委领导、政府推动、民间运作、行业发展、制度规范、全民参与”的慈善公益机制和“法律规范、政府监管、组织善治、行业自律、社会监督、公众宣传、平等竞争、优胜劣汰”的慈善公益组织发展生态环境是历史的必然选择;三是民营化、法制化、系统化、专业化、普及化的慈善公益事业终将成为主流,但当前对慈善立法要持谨慎态度。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially the reform and opening-up for more than 30 years, the public welfare cause of the present day has been through the twists and turns, but it still breaks the wave. On the one hand, the misunderstanding and prejudice of the thought, the obstruction and the restriction on the system, the weakness of the charity consciousness and the lack of the charity law, the frequent occurrence of the bad events and the landslide of the credibility of the charity cause the development of the public welfare undertakings. On the other hand, the "popular charity" opened in 2008, the "micro-public welfare" in 2011 and the spring of the development of the public welfare cause have now entered the important period of transformation and development: the legal system of the charity is being perfected and perfected, the admission threshold of the foundation is reduced, and the reform of the charity is more concerned, The top-level design of the reform is also going to be ready; the trend of self-discipline and standardization of the charity public welfare industry, the fittest of the fittest, the equal competition and the transparency are not blocked, the construction of the modern management system is more and more urgent, the public's charity awareness is constantly enhanced, and the charity is involved, The will of dedication and love is increasing, and the development of modern science information technology has made the public all-round supervision become a reality, and the upgrade of the charity public welfare cause has become the dual mission of the history and the times. Xu Yongguang is the same age of the Republic, as a representative figure in the development of the contemporary Chinese charity and public welfare undertakings. He is not only a charitable eye, but also a great charity performance. He grew in a "On the Change of the Charitable Color for All"-sensitive age, the government's rejection of charity, the hostility of the people to charity, and the inadmissibility of the society, and he found that the charity will be a big one. The birth of poverty, the strong will, the accumulation of love and the eager eyes of the poor children, finally led to his resignation from good, and opened a new historical chapter in the field of charity. He is keen on social and charitable causes, and has once again corrected the world's misunderstanding and prejudice to the charity. He has set up the public welfare undertakings, such as the Chinese Youth Foundation, the Hope Project, the South China Foundation and the Foundation Center, to explore its own "hope" in the new China's complex system environment and the charity soil, and to seek the survival way of the folk charity public welfare in the joint of the public offering and the non-public fund-raising foundation. From the temple to the folk charity's life, it has witnessed the vicissitudes of the more than 60 years of China's charity and public welfare. He is one of the founders of China's public-raised foundation, and is one of the pioneers of China's non-public fund-raising foundation. He is committed to the development of the public welfare undertakings in China. The introduction, the text and the conclusion of this study are three big blocks. The introduction part: expounds the background, the research dynamic, the research significance, the research thinking, the research framework, the research method, the main innovation point, the deficiency and so on. The body part has five chapters: the first chapter, the macro analysis Xu Yongguang to the background of the charity public welfare. On the one hand, the development of China's contemporary charity public welfare undertakings is summarized, so that the research has the source of living water, and the deep roots are the present. On the one hand, Xu Yongguang is devoted to the personal characteristics of the charity public welfare undertakings. Through the analysis of Xu Yongguang's bitter childhood, the early career and the life experience, the growth and the feeling of the central period of the Communist Youth League, the author leads Xu Yongguang to take the personal characteristics of the charity public welfare. In the second chapter, the paper analyzes Xu Yongguang's way of public offering. On the basis of the analysis of Xu Yongguang and the foundation, the Hope Project and the Chinese Charity Federation, the paper probes into the actual operation mode and the existing problems of China's official charity. The third chapter analyzes Xu Yongguang's non-public offering of charity. Through the analysis of Xu Yongguang and the Foundation of the South and the central network of China Foundation, this paper probes into the advantages and the space of the development of non-public-raised charity, and how to cultivate the "ecology" environment of the healthy development of the non-public-raised charity in our country, and how to further promote its development. The fourth chapter is to read the charity public interest of Xu Yongguang. On the way of the charity public welfare of Xu Yongguang, this paper analyzes his success and loss, and studies how an individual can realize his own value under the limited conditions. To study the influence of his charity work on the development of contemporary philanthropy. Chapter five, Xu Yongguang, a single line on the charity road. To make an overall evaluation of Xu Yongguang, in the field of China's contemporary charity public welfare, he is a single-line person, a person who is willing to practice, a person who is willing to practice, an active exploration person, a person who is pursuing excellence, but is also limited by the times, The practice and thought of the charity have some limitations. The analysis of the characteristics of his charity public welfare life, his choice and the significance, his exploration and development has the influence on the development of China's charity public welfare undertakings, and the non-replicability and the uniqueness of his charity public good life give us what kind of enlightenment. Through the analysis of the way of charity public welfare, the paper explores the advantages of Xu Yongguang's different advantages or places, and explores the enlightenment of his charity public interest to the contemporary philanthropy. Conclusion: Xu Yongguang has gone for more than 20 years between the official people, from the center of the group to the government-run charity to the pure folk foundation, he followed the call of the heart, he sought the real breakthrough, he thought of the more outstanding charity idea, he insisted on the charity that the society needs, He walked out of a single-row charity path! He has carried on the top-level design of the charity, and pays attention to the industry leadership; he has carried out all-round exploration and practice on the reform of the charity public welfare system, the system construction, the folk public welfare, the wealth ownership, the social innovation, the culture concept and the organization and management. There is no doubt that he is a well-recognized leader of all kinds of foundations, and is the heavyweight of China's contemporary public welfare charity. As one of the pioneers of China's contemporary charity public welfare undertakings, he has revealed three major trends of the development of Chinese contemporary charity public welfare undertakings through his life experience: one is the coexistence of the state of the public-raised charity and the public-raised charity and the public-raising and non-public-raising charity, But for a period of time, the public offering will still dominate; the second is to perfect the "The leadership of the Party Committee, the promotion of the government, the operation of the civil society, the development of the industry, the regulation of the system and the participation of all"-based charity public interest mechanism and the "Legal norms, government regulation, organization of good governance, industry self-discipline, social supervision, public information, equal competition, and fittest" 's charity public welfare organization to develop the ecological environment is the inevitable choice of the history; the third is the privatization, the legalization, the systematization and the specialization, The popular charity cause will eventually become the mainstream, but it is a cautious approach to the charitable legislation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.182.3
本文编号：2507453
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially the reform and opening-up for more than 30 years, the public welfare cause of the present day has been through the twists and turns, but it still breaks the wave. On the one hand, the misunderstanding and prejudice of the thought, the obstruction and the restriction on the system, the weakness of the charity consciousness and the lack of the charity law, the frequent occurrence of the bad events and the landslide of the credibility of the charity cause the development of the public welfare undertakings. On the other hand, the "popular charity" opened in 2008, the "micro-public welfare" in 2011 and the spring of the development of the public welfare cause have now entered the important period of transformation and development: the legal system of the charity is being perfected and perfected, the admission threshold of the foundation is reduced, and the reform of the charity is more concerned, The top-level design of the reform is also going to be ready; the trend of self-discipline and standardization of the charity public welfare industry, the fittest of the fittest, the equal competition and the transparency are not blocked, the construction of the modern management system is more and more urgent, the public's charity awareness is constantly enhanced, and the charity is involved, The will of dedication and love is increasing, and the development of modern science information technology has made the public all-round supervision become a reality, and the upgrade of the charity public welfare cause has become the dual mission of the history and the times. Xu Yongguang is the same age of the Republic, as a representative figure in the development of the contemporary Chinese charity and public welfare undertakings. He is not only a charitable eye, but also a great charity performance. He grew in a "On the Change of the Charitable Color for All"-sensitive age, the government's rejection of charity, the hostility of the people to charity, and the inadmissibility of the society, and he found that the charity will be a big one. The birth of poverty, the strong will, the accumulation of love and the eager eyes of the poor children, finally led to his resignation from good, and opened a new historical chapter in the field of charity. He is keen on social and charitable causes, and has once again corrected the world's misunderstanding and prejudice to the charity. He has set up the public welfare undertakings, such as the Chinese Youth Foundation, the Hope Project, the South China Foundation and the Foundation Center, to explore its own "hope" in the new China's complex system environment and the charity soil, and to seek the survival way of the folk charity public welfare in the joint of the public offering and the non-public fund-raising foundation. From the temple to the folk charity's life, it has witnessed the vicissitudes of the more than 60 years of China's charity and public welfare. He is one of the founders of China's public-raised foundation, and is one of the pioneers of China's non-public fund-raising foundation. He is committed to the development of the public welfare undertakings in China. The introduction, the text and the conclusion of this study are three big blocks. The introduction part: expounds the background, the research dynamic, the research significance, the research thinking, the research framework, the research method, the main innovation point, the deficiency and so on. The body part has five chapters: the first chapter, the macro analysis Xu Yongguang to the background of the charity public welfare. On the one hand, the development of China's contemporary charity public welfare undertakings is summarized, so that the research has the source of living water, and the deep roots are the present. On the one hand, Xu Yongguang is devoted to the personal characteristics of the charity public welfare undertakings. Through the analysis of Xu Yongguang's bitter childhood, the early career and the life experience, the growth and the feeling of the central period of the Communist Youth League, the author leads Xu Yongguang to take the personal characteristics of the charity public welfare. In the second chapter, the paper analyzes Xu Yongguang's way of public offering. On the basis of the analysis of Xu Yongguang and the foundation, the Hope Project and the Chinese Charity Federation, the paper probes into the actual operation mode and the existing problems of China's official charity. The third chapter analyzes Xu Yongguang's non-public offering of charity. Through the analysis of Xu Yongguang and the Foundation of the South and the central network of China Foundation, this paper probes into the advantages and the space of the development of non-public-raised charity, and how to cultivate the "ecology" environment of the healthy development of the non-public-raised charity in our country, and how to further promote its development. The fourth chapter is to read the charity public interest of Xu Yongguang. On the way of the charity public welfare of Xu Yongguang, this paper analyzes his success and loss, and studies how an individual can realize his own value under the limited conditions. To study the influence of his charity work on the development of contemporary philanthropy. Chapter five, Xu Yongguang, a single line on the charity road. To make an overall evaluation of Xu Yongguang, in the field of China's contemporary charity public welfare, he is a single-line person, a person who is willing to practice, a person who is willing to practice, an active exploration person, a person who is pursuing excellence, but is also limited by the times, The practice and thought of the charity have some limitations. The analysis of the characteristics of his charity public welfare life, his choice and the significance, his exploration and development has the influence on the development of China's charity public welfare undertakings, and the non-replicability and the uniqueness of his charity public good life give us what kind of enlightenment. Through the analysis of the way of charity public welfare, the paper explores the advantages of Xu Yongguang's different advantages or places, and explores the enlightenment of his charity public interest to the contemporary philanthropy. Conclusion: Xu Yongguang has gone for more than 20 years between the official people, from the center of the group to the government-run charity to the pure folk foundation, he followed the call of the heart, he sought the real breakthrough, he thought of the more outstanding charity idea, he insisted on the charity that the society needs, He walked out of a single-row charity path! He has carried on the top-level design of the charity, and pays attention to the industry leadership; he has carried out all-round exploration and practice on the reform of the charity public welfare system, the system construction, the folk public welfare, the wealth ownership, the social innovation, the culture concept and the organization and management. There is no doubt that he is a well-recognized leader of all kinds of foundations, and is the heavyweight of China's contemporary public welfare charity. As one of the pioneers of China's contemporary charity public welfare undertakings, he has revealed three major trends of the development of Chinese contemporary charity public welfare undertakings through his life experience: one is the coexistence of the state of the public-raised charity and the public-raised charity and the public-raising and non-public-raising charity, But for a period of time, the public offering will still dominate; the second is to perfect the "The leadership of the Party Committee, the promotion of the government, the operation of the civil society, the development of the industry, the regulation of the system and the participation of all"-based charity public interest mechanism and the "Legal norms, government regulation, organization of good governance, industry self-discipline, social supervision, public information, equal competition, and fittest" 's charity public welfare organization to develop the ecological environment is the inevitable choice of the history; the third is the privatization, the legalization, the systematization and the specialization, The popular charity cause will eventually become the mainstream, but it is a cautious approach to the charitable legislation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.182.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 徐永光;章南;;创始人徐永光:我的心始终没有离开[J];中华儿女(青联版);2009年10期
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