山区公路路基精细化爆破及综合成本分析

发布时间：2018-03-08 03:19

本文选题：精细化爆破　切入点：理论分析　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国高速公路建设向西部不断推进,高速公路建设及公路网形成正逐步加快。结合西南地区山区偏多、地形复杂的地理情况,新建公路必然伴随着边坡开挖,土石方爆破等工程。为了提高开挖边坡工程质量,填方路基对爆破块度的要求,最佳方案就是采用控制爆破技术。本文针对山区高速公路工程建设中面临的路基石方爆破问题,以岩石高边坡精细化控制爆破技术研究为切入点,综合运用现场试验与理论分析相结合的研究方法。具体研究内容包括以下几部分:(1)对岩石基本物理力学性能进行了测试,包括静态力学试验和动态力学试验。为后续爆破数值模拟提供了试验数值参数;(2)分析了爆破设计参数对岩体破碎效果的影响,主要包括炮孔间距、装药长度和炮眼密集系数。研究表明,在满足爆破安全规程前提下,在爆破施工中可通过减少炮孔堵塞长度,调整炮眼间距和排距,适当提高炮眼密集系数来改善爆破破碎效果;(3)分析了岩石爆破块度控制的相关影响因素,包括地质条件、爆破设计参数等,并对其进行灰色关联分析。研究表明,相关影响因素综合灰色关联度由大到小排序为:可爆性指数、炸药单耗、炮孔间距、炮孔排距(密集系数)和排间微差;(4)对边坡控制爆破技术进行了研究,采用二维数值计算模型,对现场深孔光面爆破进行数值模拟。主要考察了单孔装药量、孔距和抵抗线对光面爆破效果的影响;(5)对边坡控制爆破综合成本进行了初步探讨,对比分析了常规爆破和控制爆破成本差异。结果表明高要求的精细化爆破施工可能会造成土石方开挖成本的增加,但同时也会明显降低边坡后期的支护与加固成本,有效降低总体爆破成本。
[Abstract]:With the development of highway construction to the west of China, the highway construction and highway network formation are accelerating step by step. In view of the geographical situation of the mountainous areas in southwest China, the newly built highway is bound to be accompanied by slope excavation. In order to improve the quality of excavation slope engineering and the requirements of filling roadbed for blasting fragmentation, the best scheme is to adopt controlled blasting technology. Based on the research of fine controlled blasting technology of high rock slope, the research method of combining field test with theoretical analysis is used synthetically. The concrete research contents include the following parts: 1) the basic physical and mechanical properties of rock are tested. Including static mechanical test and dynamic mechanical test. This paper analyses the influence of blasting design parameters on rock mass breakage effect, mainly including hole spacing for subsequent numerical simulation of blasting. The study shows that under the premise of meeting the safety rules of blasting, the hole spacing and spacing can be adjusted by reducing the length of hole clogging in blasting construction. The relevant factors of rock blasting fragmentation control, including geological conditions, blasting design parameters and so on, are analyzed, and the grey correlation analysis is carried out. The comprehensive grey correlation degree of correlative factors from large to small is: explosive index, explosive unit consumption, hole spacing, hole spacing (density coefficient) and slight difference between rows. The slope controlled blasting technology is studied. A two-dimensional numerical model was used to simulate the field deep hole smooth blasting. The effects of single hole charge, hole spacing and resistance line on the effect of smooth blasting were investigated. The comprehensive cost of slope controlled blasting was preliminarily discussed. The difference between conventional blasting and controlled blasting is compared and analyzed. The results show that fine blasting construction with high requirements may result in the increase of excavation cost of earth and rock, but at the same time, it will obviously reduce the cost of supporting and strengthening in the later stage of slope. Reduce overall blasting cost effectively.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U416.1

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