基于绿色度的冷链物流配送路径优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 15:18

本文选题：绿色度　切入点：冷链物流　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在政府提倡绿色发展的背景下,绿色物流逐渐受到政府和企业的重视。在我国冷链物流快速发展的同时,冷链物流对城市交通和环境也造成了很多负面的影响。然而在国内外的相关研究中,还很少将绿色物流、冷链物流、车辆路径优化三个主题紧密结合进行的研究。本文是从绿色物流的角度出发,构建了基于绿色度的冷链物流配送路径优化模型,对冷链物流的配送路径进行优化。本研究对指导我国冷链企业实施绿色物流、提高冷链企业利用物流资源的效率、降低物流过程污染物排放、促进我国冷链物流的发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文主要取得了以下研究成果:(1)分析了绿色物流与低碳物流的差异和联系,建立了衡量冷链物流配送过程绿色度的指标体系。为了评估和量化冷链物流对环境的影响,定量给出了载货汽车燃料消耗量和污染物排放量的测算模型。(2)构建了基于绿色度的冷链物流配送路径优化模型。从资源节约、环境友好和经济绩效三个层面构建模型,分析了冷链物流配送过程产生的各项成本,包括载货汽车使用成本、制冷成本、时间惩罚成本、能耗成本、污染物排放成本。其中,污染排放成本包括温室气体排放成本和大气污染物排放成本、固体废物排放成本。在此基础上,构建了在"多车场"和"客户软时间窗"约束条件下以综合成本最小为目标函数的冷链物流配送路径优化模型。(3)设计了蚁群算法对模型进行求解,通过不同规模的算例进行仿真实验,比较分析了考虑绿色度和不考虑绿色度两种情况下的最优配送路径方案,实验结果得出,基于绿色度的冷链物流配送路径安排可以在控制物流配送成本的同时,有效提升企业物流过程的绿色度,验证了模型及算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Under the background of government advocating green development, green logistics has been paid more and more attention by the government and enterprises. At the same time, the rapid development of cold chain logistics in China, Cold chain logistics also has a lot of negative effects on urban traffic and environment. However, green logistics and cold chain logistics are rarely used in domestic and foreign research. This paper constructs the cold chain logistics routing optimization model based on green degree from the point of view of green logistics. In this paper, the distribution route of cold chain logistics is optimized. This study aims to guide Chinese cold chain enterprises to implement green logistics, to improve the efficiency of cold chain enterprises to utilize logistics resources, and to reduce the pollutant emission in logistics process. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to promote the development of cold chain logistics in China. In this paper, the following research results are obtained: 1) the differences and connections between green logistics and low-carbon logistics are analyzed. In order to evaluate and quantify the impact of cold chain logistics on the environment, an index system is established to measure the green degree of cold chain logistics distribution process. In this paper, the calculation model of fuel consumption and pollutant emission of truck is given quantitatively. The model of cold-chain logistics distribution path optimization based on green degree is constructed. The model is constructed from three aspects: resource saving, environmental friendliness and economic performance. This paper analyzes the cost of cold-chain logistics distribution, including the cost of using truck, refrigeration cost, time penalty cost, energy consumption cost, pollutant emission cost, etc. The cost of pollution emissions includes the cost of greenhouse gas emissions and the cost of emissions of atmospheric pollutants, and the cost of solid waste emissions. On this basis, In this paper, an ant colony algorithm is designed to solve the cold chain logistics routing optimization model, which takes the minimum cost as the objective function under the constraints of "multi-yard" and "customer soft time window". Through the simulation experiment of different scale examples, the optimal distribution path scheme considering green degree and not considering green degree is compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that, The cold-chain logistics routing based on green degree can effectively improve the green degree of enterprise logistics process while controlling the cost of logistics distribution. The validity of the model and algorithm is verified.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F259.2;U492.336.4

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