串联式混合动力矿用自卸车性能及燃油成本分析

发布时间：2018-03-18 23:05

本文选题：矿用自卸车　切入点：性能成本分析　出处：《北京科技大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全球变暖日益加剧,大气环境问题的不断凸显,人类健康受到的威胁增大,人类的活动是导致这些问题的罪魁祸首。人类在不断探寻清洁能源,混合动力技术作为降低尾气排放、减少运行成本的有效手段,在乘用车、轻型卡车的应用如火如茶。而贡献了较高尾气排放的矿用自卸车则一直沿用着效率较低的电传动技术,在能耗、效率、尾气排放等指标中表现较差。本文以300吨级矿用自卸车为研究对象,采用矿山实际道路特点提取的循环工况,对混合动力矿用自卸车能量管理策略、优化设计以及清洁能源的应用发展做出讨论。旨在保证矿用自卸车动力学性能不损失的前提下,改善矿用自卸车的排放性能、削减矿用自卸车燃油成本。在完成柴油-电传动和混合动力矿用自卸车建模工作的基础上,针对混合动力矿用自卸车的能量管理问题分别采用了基于规则的能量管理策略和基于优化的能量管理策略(包括等效燃油最小消耗法和动态规划算法)。在基于规则的能量管理方法分析中,对比分析了矿用自卸车混合动力化对矿用自卸车排放性能、单位质量矿石燃油成本的影响,并考虑了计入电池成本之后额外电池成本赎回时间以及计入电池及电池附件质量之后的载重能力变化。同时,基于优化的能量管理方法中为当前混合动力矿用自卸车的零部件匹配做了最优结果讨论。采用DIRECT全局优化算法,以燃油经济性和单位质量矿石燃油成本为优化目标来完成优化设计的初步讨论。根据矿用自卸车循环工况特点,增加循环工况完成能力、电池初始与结束时刻SOC差值、加速时间以及整车满载爬坡能力测试作为约束条件,分别以燃油经济性(L/duty cycle, L/100km, MPG)、单位质量矿石燃油成本($/t)为目标函数,完成矿用自卸车设计阶段的零部件参数匹配初步优化讨论,包括发动机额定功率、电池容量、驱动电机额定功率等参数。为了进一步改善排放性能、降低单位质量矿石燃油成本,并保证动力学性能不受损失,本文对矿用自卸车发动机天然气与混合动力技术的结合做出讨论。量化分析了天然气化发动机对矿用自卸车爬坡能力的影响,采用混合动力方案解决天然气发动机扭矩损失对矿用自卸车动力学性能的影响。并指出,串联式的矿用自卸车传动系结构在天然气发动机的控制应用中能够有较大优势。最终,天然气混合动力矿用自卸车在排放性能、单位质量矿石燃油成本指标中,相比于目前柴油-电传动矿用自卸车有较大改善,且动力学性能没有任何损失。本文对矿用自卸车混合动力的动力学性能、排放性能以及燃油成本为目标做出讨论,为矿用自卸车的混合动力及其优化设计提供理论依据及指导。
[Abstract]:Global warming is getting worse, atmospheric environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent, and human health is being threatened. Human activities are the main culprits that lead to these problems. Human beings are constantly searching for clean energy. Hybrid power technology, as an effective means to reduce exhaust emission and operation cost, has been used in passenger cars and light trucks as fire, while mine dump trucks, which contribute to higher exhaust emissions, have been using less efficient electric transmission technology. The performance of energy consumption, efficiency and exhaust emission is poor. In this paper, 300 ton mine dump truck is taken as the research object, and the energy management strategy of hybrid electric mine dump truck is adopted, which is extracted from the characteristics of mine actual road. Optimization design and application development of clean energy are discussed in order to improve the discharge performance of mine dump truck without losing the dynamic performance of mine dump truck. Reduce the fuel cost of mine dump truck. On the basis of the completion of diesel electric drive and hybrid electric mine dump truck modeling, In order to solve the energy management problem of hybrid mine dump truck, rule-based energy management strategy and optimization based energy management strategy (including equivalent fuel minimum consumption method and dynamic programming algorithm) are adopted respectively. In the analysis of the energy management methods of the. The effects of mixed power of mine dump truck on discharge performance of mine dump truck and fuel cost per unit mass of ore are compared and analyzed. The redeeming time of additional battery cost after taking into account the battery cost and the load capacity change after taking into account the quality of the battery and battery accessories are also taken into account. In the energy management method based on optimization, the optimal results of the parts matching of the current hybrid mine dump truck are discussed. The DIRECT global optimization algorithm is adopted. Taking fuel economy and unit mass ore fuel cost as the optimization goal to complete the optimization design, the preliminary discussion is made. According to the characteristics of the cycle conditions of the dump truck, the completion capacity of the cycle condition and the SOC difference between the initial and the end time of the battery are increased. The acceleration time and the full load climbing ability of the whole vehicle are taken as the constraint conditions. The objective function is the fuel economy L / duty cycle, L / 100km, MPGN, unit mass ore fuel cost / t, respectively. In order to further improve the emission performance, the parameters matching of components in the design phase of mine dump truck is discussed, including engine rated power, battery capacity, driving motor rated power and so on. Reduce fuel cost per unit mass of ore and ensure that dynamic performance is not lost, In this paper, the combination of natural gas and hybrid power technology of mine dump truck engine is discussed, and the influence of natural gas engine on the climbing ability of mine dump truck is analyzed quantitatively. The effect of torque loss of natural gas engine on the dynamic performance of mine dump truck is solved by using hybrid power scheme. It is pointed out that the transmission system structure of series mine dump truck can have a great advantage in the application of natural gas engine control. Compared with the present diesel-electric drive dump truck, the discharge performance and fuel cost per unit mass of the natural gas hybrid mine dump truck have been greatly improved. In this paper, the dynamic performance, emission performance and fuel cost of mine dump truck are discussed in order to provide theoretical basis and guidance for the optimization design of mine dump truck.
【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD50

【引证文献】