中美物流产业效率的比较分析

发布时间：2018-04-12 06:57

本文选题：物流效率 + 物流成本　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：物流作为一种新兴的生产性服务业，其先进的组织方式与管理技术对国民经济的发展与进步发挥着重要的支撑作用。随着经济全球化及信息化步伐的加快，提高物流效率对于推动经济发展、应对国际竞争意义重大。以往研究通过对物流成本占GDP比重的比较得出我国与发达国家物流效率差距显著，然而研究中忽略了其结构性指标的特点，对影响因素的分析不足必将导致对其结果及政策指向的误读。所以中、美物流效率的比较研究对于识别物流效率的影响因素、确定各因素的驱动因子、准确衡量物流效率差距、推动我国物流市场健康发展意义重大。本文在现状分析的基础上，以物流成本占GDP比重作为物流效率的衡量指标，从指标构成的角度出发，通过对成本与产业结构的分析，为我国物流的发展提出了相应的意见。成本研究中：一方面以运输成本、保管成本、管理成本为指标，运用偏相关分析得出我国应加大公路运输成本、铁路运输成本与其他成本的控制，重视利息与储存成本对保管成本的影响，同时积极发展第三方物流、提高物流市场的整合度；另一方面结合国际环保、安全的主题，通过对物流外部性因素分析发现提高对环保、安全、时间等因素的重视十分必要。产业结构研究中以产业结构合理化与高级化为指标，通过建立回归模型分析得出产业结构合理化对我国物流效率的影响具有反向性，，而产业结构高级化的影响具有波动性，从而提示我国在产业结构变迁中应以保证产业结构合理化为重点工程，同时注重推动产业结构高级化进程。在此基础上，文章从基础设施、补助措施、资源整合、生产方式、产业变迁、统计完善、体制改革等几方面为我国物流效率的提高提出了相应的发展建议。
[Abstract]:Logistics as a new producer service industry, its advanced organization and management technology play an important role in the development and progress of national economy.With the acceleration of economic globalization and informatization, it is of great significance to improve logistics efficiency to promote economic development and to cope with international competition.By comparing the proportion of logistics cost to GDP in the past studies, we find that there is a significant gap between China and developed countries in logistics efficiency, however, the characteristics of structural indicators are ignored in the study.Insufficient analysis of the influencing factors will lead to misreading of the results and policy direction.Therefore, the comparative study of logistics efficiency in China and the United States is of great significance to identify the influencing factors of logistics efficiency, determine the driving factors of each factor, accurately measure the gap of logistics efficiency, and promote the healthy development of our country's logistics market.Based on the analysis of the present situation, this paper takes the proportion of logistics cost to GDP as the index of logistics efficiency, from the point of view of index composition, through the analysis of cost and industrial structure, puts forward the corresponding opinions for the development of logistics in China.In the cost research, on the one hand, taking transportation cost, custody cost and management cost as the index, and using partial correlation analysis, we draw a conclusion that our country should increase the control of road transportation cost, railway transportation cost and other costs.Attach importance to the impact of interest and storage costs on custody costs, and actively develop third party logistics to improve the integration of logistics market; on the other hand, combine the theme of international environmental protection and safety,By analyzing the external factors of logistics, it is found that it is necessary to pay more attention to environmental protection, safety, time and so on.In the research of industrial structure, the rational and advanced industrial structure is regarded as the index. By establishing the regression model, it is concluded that the influence of the rationalization of industrial structure on the logistics efficiency of our country is reverse, while the influence of the advanced industrial structure is volatile.It is suggested that in the process of industrial structure change, we should take the rationalization of industrial structure as the key project and promote the process of industrial structure upgrading at the same time.On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the improvement of logistics efficiency in China from the aspects of infrastructure, subsidy measures, resource integration, production mode, industrial change, statistical perfection, system reform, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F259.2;F259.712

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