中国上市公司成本粘性的实证分析

发布时间：2018-04-25 13:16

本文选题：成本粘性 + 上市公司　；参考：《陕西科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：成本粘性是公司经营管理活动的重要内容，加强成本管理是提高公司管理水平和经营绩效的重要手段和方式。传统的管理会计假设成本与业务量之间是一种线性关系，这种假设偏离了实际的成本状况，对企业的成本计划、控制和决策都有很大的局限性。现代研究发现，成本与业务量并不是一种简单的线性关系，它们之间是非对称性的，即存在“成本粘性”。所谓“成本粘性”，是指当业务量等额增减变化的时候，相应的成本下降的幅度比成本上升的幅度要小。自2004年以来，“成本粘性”这一研究领域逐渐被我国学者所关注，但是仍然缺乏系统的分析。本文首先对成本粘性下了定义，点出本文研究的中心内容。其次，对国内外的研究动态进行了梳理，介绍成本粘性的特点，，提出了成本具有普遍性、递减性和异向性三大特征，以代理理论、不完全契约理论和交易成本理论等相关理论为依据，对企业内部的影响因素和外部影响因素进行分析，提出研究假设。再次，本文以A股上市的984家公司2007—2011年企业年报为对象搜集数据，利用计量模型进行实证检验我国上市公司成本粘性的存在性和各影响因素对成本粘性的影响效果。第四，本文对成本粘性进行了深入研究，对不同行业、不同区域的成本粘性进行检验，利用多元回归分析的方法，试图找出各影响因素在行业不同和区域不同时对成本粘性的影响效果的差异。最后，本文结合我国的经济环境和企业管理的实际情况，提出优化成本粘性等政策性建议。文章得出结论：（1）中国上市企业成本粘性是广泛存在；（2）国家的宏观环境对我国上市公司的成本粘性产生影响；（3）成本粘性与业务量的变动是反向的比例关系；（4）成本粘性不会随时间跨度的延长而立刻降低，从N=3开始，成本粘性才降低；（5）负债比率与我国上市公司的成本粘性之间是负相关的关系；（6）股权集中度适中时，成本粘性较小，股东持股比例较少或较多时，成本粘性较大，且股东持股比例较少的上市公司的成本粘性比股东持股比例较多的上市公司的成本粘性大；（7）各行业间的成本粘性是普遍存在的，且呈现差异，其中建筑业的成本粘性最大、纺织业的成本粘性最小；（8）我国上市公司的三大区域间的成本粘性是存在的，且具有差异性，东部的成本粘性最小、中部的次之、西部的最大；（9）各种因素相互交错，共同影响成本粘性度的大小。彻底去除成本粘性是太不可行的，然而，我们可以尽可能地来减少成本粘性。通过改善市场环境，提高上市企业的公众监督力度和提高上市企业的内部管理水平，提高管理者的管理素质等措施来减少成本粘性，使得企业的经济资源得到更好的利用。
[Abstract]:Cost stickiness is an important part of the management activities of a company. Strengthening cost management is an important means and means to improve the management level and management performance of a company. The traditional assumption of management accounting is a linear relationship between cost and volume of business. This assumption deviates from the actual cost situation and has great limitations to the cost planning, control and decision making of enterprises. Modern research has found that cost and business volume are not a simple linear relationship, they are asymmetric, that is, "cost stickiness". The so-called "cost stickiness" means that when the volume of business increases or decreases, the corresponding decrease in cost is smaller than the increase in cost. Since 2004, the research field of "cost stickiness" has been paid more and more attention by Chinese scholars, but there is still a lack of systematic analysis. In this paper, the cost stickiness is defined, and the main content of this paper is pointed out. Secondly, the research trends at home and abroad are reviewed, the characteristics of cost stickiness are introduced, and the cost has three characteristics of universality, decrement and heterogeneity. On the basis of incomplete contract theory and transaction cost theory, this paper analyzes the internal and external influence factors, and puts forward the research hypothesis. Thirdly, this paper collects data from 984 companies listed in A shares from 2007 to 2011, and empirically tests the existence of cost stickiness of listed companies in China and the effect of influencing factors on cost stickiness by using the econometric model. Fourthly, the cost stickiness of different industries and regions is tested, and the method of multivariate regression analysis is used. This paper tries to find out the effects of different factors on cost stickiness in different industries and regions at the same time. Finally, according to the economic environment and the actual situation of enterprise management in China, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions such as optimizing cost stickiness. This paper draws a conclusion that the cost viscosity of Chinese listed enterprises is widespread in China. (2) the macro environment in China has an impact on the cost viscosity of listed companies in China. (3) the cost viscosity and the change of business volume are inversely proportional to each other. Sex doesn't decrease with the time span. The relationship between the ratio of cost viscosity and the cost viscosity of listed companies in our country is a negative correlation between the cost viscosity and the cost viscosity of listed companies. When the concentration degree of equity is moderate, the cost viscosity is smaller, and the shareholder holding ratio is less or more, the cost viscosity is higher. And the cost viscosity of the listed company with less shareholder holding ratio is higher than that of the listed company with more shareholder holding ratio.) the cost viscosity of each industry is universal, and there are differences, among which, the cost viscosity of construction industry is the largest. The cost viscosity of China's listed companies exists and has differences. The cost viscosity is the least in the east, the second in the middle, and the largest in the west. Together, the cost viscosity is affected. Removing cost stickiness completely is not feasible, however, we can reduce cost stickiness as much as possible. By improving the market environment, improving the public supervision of the listed enterprises, improving the internal management level of the listed enterprises and improving the management quality of the managers, the cost stickiness can be reduced, and the economic resources of the enterprises will be better utilized.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F275;F276.6

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