基于数据仓库的生产成本分析研究与应用

发布时间：2018-06-06 04:11

本文选题：数据仓库(DW) + 商务智能(BI)　；参考：《上海交通大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：生产成本作为生产过程中的各种支出，是产品生产的“投入”，是产品定价的重要基础。在竞争日益激烈的市场环境下，对生产成本的管理重要性日益凸显，甚至市场个体的核心竞争力直接取决于对生产成本管理的成功与否。加强生产成本分析管理是扩大生产经营的重要条件，有利于促使企业改善生产经营管理，提高经济效益，增强产品价格优势。浙江某生产制造企业有限公司(简称某生产制造企业)是位于浙江杭州的一家民营企业，，该公司是集化工、金融、物流、房地产等为一体的多元化企业。该公司非常重视企业的信息化建设，在硬件、软件、安全和网络上都投入大量人力财力，一直走在行业前端。其企业信息化系统包括企业资源计划系统(Enterprise Resource Planning，简称ERP)，办公自动化系统，人事管理系统，客户关系管理等系统。后ERP时代，数据仓库(Data Warehouse，简称DW)和商务智能(Business Intelligence，简称BI)成为企业信息化的重点。为了保持和ERP系统的集成性，其数据仓库和商务智能工具都选择了和ERP系统同厂家的产品，分别为SAP BusinessWarehouse(简称SAP BW)和SAPBusinessObject。本文是以该生产制造企业数据仓库平台建设为研究背景，对生产企业的生产成本进行分析研究。该生产制造企业实施数据仓库以前，企业报表基于SAP ERP系统、关系型数据库和手工数据，数据非常分散，涉及到多系统的数据时，则需要耗费大量人力手工处理报表，效率低，而且非常容易出错。对于生产成本分析这么重要的分析，每个月月结以后由财务人员从ERP系统中导出部分报表进行加工，依据不同的条件进行复杂的计算手工合并预算数据和上年同期数据，每个月手工处理报表额外需要3天时间，且容易出错；一旦该财务人员请假，成本分析工作就会停滞。实现数据仓库建设以后，改善了上述的情况，财务每个月月结完成后，数据仓库平台立即加载、整合数据，在后台自动进行预定义的各种复杂计算，只需要2-3个小时，通过浏览器就可以查看生产成本报表，快速简单，数据准确，和预算数据以及上年同期比较一目了然，任何有权限访问成本报表的人员都可以通过报表展现系统访问报表，财务人员可以将更多的精力投入到分析中。论文详细论述了数据仓库关键技术，以及该生产制造企业基于数据仓库的生产成本报表设计与实现。数据集成方面使用SAP BW的数据抽取转换工具(ExtractTransformation Loading，简称ETL)抽取、转换、加载各业务系统数据，经过清洗、整合后储存在数据仓库平台，实现数据集成。利用数据仓库的多维模型技术进行建模，从不同角度进行分析。报表方面利用SAP BusinessObject基于数据仓库建立的数据集市展现报表，报表真实直观，分析各指标的意义，让数据来说话。最后将数据仓库平台报表和业务系统、手工数据对比，从数据准确性、报表逻辑正确性、数据集成性等各角度验证SAP BusinessObject报表准确可靠。
[Abstract]:Production cost, as a kind of expenditure in the production process, is the "input" of product production. It is an important basis for product pricing. In the increasingly competitive market environment, the management importance of production cost is becoming more and more important. Even the core competitiveness of the individual in the market depends on the success of production cost management. Cost analysis and management is an important condition for expanding production and operation. It is beneficial for enterprises to improve production and operation management, improve economic efficiency and enhance product price advantage.
A production and manufacturing enterprise limited in Zhejiang (a manufacturing enterprise) is a private enterprise located in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. It is a diversified enterprise integrating chemical, financial, logistics and real estate. The company attaches great importance to the construction of enterprise information, and has invested a lot of manpower and financial resources in hard parts, software, safety and network. The enterprise information system includes enterprise resource planning system (Enterprise Resource Planning, ERP), office automation system, personnel management system and customer relationship management system. In the post ERP era, the data warehouse (Data Warehouse, DW) and business intelligence (Business Intelligence, BI) become enterprise letters. In order to maintain the integration of the ERP system, the data warehouse and the business intelligence tools have chosen the products of the same manufacturer as the ERP system, which are the SAP BusinessWarehouse (SAP BW) and the SAPBusinessObject., which are the research background of the flat platform construction of the data warehouse of the manufacturing enterprise, and the production of the production enterprises. This is an analysis and study.
Before implementing the data warehouse in the manufacturing enterprise, the enterprise report is based on the SAP ERP system, the relational database and the manual data, and the data are very scattered. When the data are involved in the multi system, it takes a lot of manpower to handle the report, and it is inefficient and is very easy to make mistakes. After the month of the month, the financial personnel from the ERP system export parts of the report processing, according to the different conditions to carry out complex calculation of manual combined budget data and the same period of the previous year data, manual processing of the report each month additional 3 days, and easy to make mistakes; once the financial person to ask for leave, cost analysis work will stagnate. After the building of the warehouse, the above situation is improved. After each month's completion, the data warehouse platform is immediately loaded, the data is integrated, and the various complex calculations are automatically predefined in the background. It takes only 2-3 hours to check the production cost report through the browser, fast and simple, the data is accurate, and the budget data and the previous year At the same time, it is clear that any person who has access to the cost report can access the report through the report, and the financial staff can put more energy into the analysis.
This paper expounds the key technology of data warehouse and the design and implementation of production cost report based on data warehouse in the manufacturing enterprise. Data extraction and conversion tool (ExtractTransformation Loading, ETL) using SAP BW is used to extract, convert and load the data of each business system in the aspect of data integration. Data warehouse platform to realize data integration. Using multidimensional model technology of data warehouse to model and analyze from different angles. The report forms a report using SAP BusinessObject data mart based on data warehouse. The report is real and intuitive, analyzes the meaning of each index, and lets the data speak. Finally, the data warehouse platform is reported. Tables and business systems, manual data comparison, from the data accuracy, report logic correctness, data integration and other angles verify SAP BusinessObject report is accurate and reliable.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP311.13

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