超大城市突发环境事件管理碎片化及整体性治理研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 05:50

本文选题：超大城市 + 突发环境事件　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年12期

【摘要】：自然和人为因素的双重扰动使超大城市面临着难以规避的环境风险,碎片化的突发环境事件治理模式已经不能有效应对超大城市环境风险来源多样化、风险因素复杂化和破坏程度规模化带来的挑战。整体性治理在扬弃韦伯式官僚制和新公共管理理论的过程中,主张重塑政府在公共管理中的价值和责任,通过对治理层级、功能、公共部门和私人部门的关系以及信息系统的碎片化进行整合,以跨界、协调与合作的方式为公民提供无缝隙且非分离的整体性服务高度契合了超大城市危机治理对政府管理公共性、责任性,协同和整合的需要,是对碎片化危机治理体制的一个有力回应。文章梳理了突发事件治理和整体性治理的国内外文献,试图通过整体性治理理论和"天津港8·12瑞海公司危险品仓库特别重大火灾爆炸事故",解剖中国超大城市突发环境事件治理的各种碎片化问题。研究发现,现行超大城市突发环境事件治理的碎片化主要表现为:在治理理念上,预防意识不强,公共利益和公共责任观念淡薄;在治理主体上,市场和社会主体参与不足,政府一元化治理色彩突出;在治理信息上,信息危机放大危机事件的社会风险;在治理机制上,政府部门职责不清,协调沟通不畅。从整体性治理理论和超大城市突发环境事件治理的碎片化的现实出发,文章提出超大城市突发环境事件治理必须进行整体性改革和创新,从培育危机文化,强化危机预防和政府公共责任意识;完善社会资本,加强社会参与;建立统一的治理信息中心及推进组织结构调整与改革等方面构建突发环境事件整体性治理模式。
[Abstract]:Due to the dual disturbance of natural and human factors, megacities are faced with environmental risks that are difficult to avoid. The fragmented management mode of environmental emergencies can no longer effectively cope with the diversification of environmental risk sources in megacities. The complexity of risk factors and the scale of damage caused by the challenges. In the process of sublation of Weber bureaucracy and new public management theory, holistic governance advocates remolding the value and responsibility of government in public management, through the management hierarchy and function. The relationship between the public and private sectors and the fragmentation of information systems for cross-border integration, The way of coordination and cooperation provides citizens with seamless and non-separate holistic services, which are highly suited to the needs of government management publicity, responsibility, coordination and integration in the governance of mega-cities. It is a powerful response to the fragmented crisis management system. The article combs the domestic and foreign literature on emergency management and holistic governance. Through the theory of holistic governance and "Tianjin Port 812 Ruihai dangerous goods warehouse fire explosion accident", this paper attempts to dissect the various fragmentation problems in the management of unexpected environmental events in Chinese megacities. It is found that the fragmentation of the current management of environmental emergencies in megacities is mainly manifested in the following aspects: the concept of prevention is not strong, the concept of public interest and public responsibility is weak, and the participation of market and social subjects in governance is insufficient. On governance information, information crisis magnifies the social risk of crisis events, and in governance mechanism, the responsibilities of government departments are not clear, and coordination and communication are not smooth. Based on the theory of holistic governance and the fragmented reality of the governance of environmental emergencies in megacities, this paper puts forward that the governance of environmental emergencies in megacities must be reformed and innovated as a whole, and the crisis culture should be cultivated. Strengthening the consciousness of crisis prevention and government public responsibility, perfecting social capital, strengthening social participation, establishing unified governance information center and promoting the adjustment and reform of organizational structure, etc.
【作者单位】：江西财经大学财税与公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“推进我国突发环境事件协同治理能力现代化研究”(批准号:15CZZ041),“流域水资源配置与治理中地方政府协同治理机制研究”(批准号:13CZZ054);国家社会科学基金重大项目“构建基于生态文明建设的公共财政体制研究”(批准号:15ZDB159) 中国博士后科学基金面上项目“超大城市突发环境事件整体性治理研究”(批准号:2017M612151)
【分类号】：D63

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