欧洲大国发展道路的经验解释

发布时间：2018-08-07 10:02

【摘要】：大国的人口规模优势会转化为国家竞争优势,但是无论大国还是小国,都可以通过国际贸易增强国家经济实力。欧洲作为一个整体在15世纪前后突然超过亚洲大国,在一定程度上是由于它们共同采用了贸易开放政策。同时,工业革命没有发生在最先富裕的葡萄牙、西班牙和荷兰,而是发生在欧洲人口规模相对较大的英国和后来的法国和德国,主要是因为这些国家除拥有较大的人口规模之外,还较好地将殖民地纳入本国的分工体系,而且拥有更好的市场条件、高效的法制传统和人力资本培育体系,使本国的要素结构更能支持大规模的民间技术创新,吸纳过剩资本和农业剩余劳动力,促使其经济结构从传统农业向近代工业转型。
[Abstract]:The large country's population size advantage will be transformed into national competitive advantage, but both big and small countries can enhance their national economic strength through international trade. Europe, as a whole, suddenly overtook the Asian powers around fifteenth Century, to some extent, because of their common trade opening policy. It took place in the first richest Portuguese, Spain, and Holland, but in Britain with a relatively large population of Europe and later France and Germany, mainly because, in addition to the larger population size, they had better incorporated the colonies into their own division of labor, and had better market conditions and efficient law. The system of traditional and human capital cultivation makes the country's factor structure more capable of supporting large-scale folk technological innovation, absorbing surplus capital and agricultural surplus labor, and promoting the transformation of its economic structure from traditional agriculture to modern industry.
【作者单位】：湖北经济学院经济与环境资源学院;湖南师范大学大国经济研究中心;湖南师范大学商学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“发展中大国经济发展道路研究”(15ZDB132);国家社会科学基金项目“大国效应、分工经济和国家之间收入差距的研究”(15BJL072) 国家自然科学基金项目“基于规模优势的大国经济增长模型与实证研究”(71373075)
【分类号】：F15

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