现代造船电子海关系统的建模与实现
发布时间：2018-08-28 20:42
【摘要】：当二十一世纪迎来第二个十年之际，全球经济正经受着金融危机的深度考验，为了应对危机，市场上出现了“市场销售国际化，产品设计个性化，仓库管理零库存化，产品交付提速化”的新特点，我国加工贸易企业的原材料订货周期和产品交付周期不断压缩，无论是国内还是国际，市场和客户对外贸企业的响应速度提出了更高的要求，而外贸企业也对自身的管理尤其是成本管理进行着持续改进。目前我国海关通关监管模式中纸质手册的报关模式限制了企业货物进出口的速度，以至于影响到了企业现场生产和发展的需求。更重要的是，由于近几年中国出口快速增长，加工贸易加剧了西方几个发达国家对于我国的贸易逆差，巨大的贸易逆差也使相关贸易国对我国相关贸易政策的不满和诟病集中爆发出来，所产生的贸易摩擦甚至是贸易壁垒已经对相关贸易国造成了巨大损失。面对新挑战，我国企业不能再仅仅依靠以资源和比价优势竞争的加工贸易模式，而应该研究摸索具有自主创新能力竞争优势的加工贸易模式。 本文在造船企业现有的造船企业管理系统SEM（Shipbuilding Enterprise ManagementSystem）物资物流管理模块的基础上，以电子通关模式在造船企业中的应用为目的，进行研究和应用。从方便企业的自身管理和简化通关手续的角度出发，以国内外船舶企业信息化及进口物资报关现状为背景，利用现代信息技术和先进管理理念，对比分析了传统海关监管模式和海关联网监管模式的特点，深入研究了在现代造船模式下船企的电子海关系统的业务流程，实现了相应的系统。 本文首先对船厂物资进出口管理现状和当前系统的应用情况进行了深入的研究调查，从海关监管的指导思想、船厂的管理方式、流程本身及现场管理能力几个方面分析了目前纸质手册报关的不便及系统功能存在的不足，，再结合船舶物流的相关理论知识，提出项目实施方案。项目实施以船厂为单位建立电子帐册，船厂依据电子帐册进行进出口通关和滚动核销；通过中国电子口岸数据中心实现海关内部业务系统与企业内部计算机管理系统之间紧密的联接；海关实现了联网审批，海关对船厂加工贸易活动的实际物流情况实施全程计算机联网管理。 本文根据不同类型进口物资报关流程的相似性、库存管理的相异性、出库领料管理的分类性的设计原则，优化了原进口物资报关的工作流程，对与物资物流模块间的关联关系进行了详细分析和设计，结合数据库的相关原理进行了数据库设计及程序设计，最终将电子海关联网监管的相关功能成功整合入SEM系统中。实现了SEM系统与电子海关系统的无缝联接。
[Abstract]:When the second decade of the 21 century ushered in, the global economy was undergoing the deep test of the financial crisis. In order to cope with the crisis, there appeared in the market "internationalization of market sales, individualized product design, zero inventory of warehouse management," With the new characteristic of speeding up the delivery of products, the order cycle of raw materials and the cycle of product delivery of processing trade enterprises in China have been continuously compressed. Whether at home or abroad, the market and customers have put forward higher requirements for the response speed of foreign trade enterprises. And the foreign trade enterprise also carries on the continuous improvement to its own management, especially the cost management. At present, the customs declaration mode of paper manual in the customs supervision mode of our country limits the speed of the import and export of goods, and even affects the demand of the production and development of the enterprise on the spot. More importantly, due to the rapid growth of China's exports in recent years, processing trade has exacerbated the trade deficit of several developed countries in the West against China. The huge trade deficit also causes the related trade countries' dissatisfaction and criticism to our country's related trade policy to burst out, the trade friction and even the trade barrier has already caused the huge loss to the related trade country. In the face of new challenges, Chinese enterprises should not only rely on the processing trade model which competes with the advantage of resources and price, but should study the processing trade model with competitive advantage of independent innovation ability. Based on the material logistics management module of shipbuilding enterprise management system (SEM (Shipbuilding Enterprise ManagementSystem), this paper aims at the application of electronic customs clearance mode in shipbuilding enterprise. From the point of view of facilitating the enterprise's own management and simplifying the formalities of customs clearance, with the background of the information technology of the domestic and foreign shipping enterprises and the present situation of the customs declaration of imported materials, the paper makes use of modern information technology and advanced management concept. This paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of the traditional customs supervision mode and the customs network supervision mode, deeply studies the business process of the electronic customs system of the shipbuilding enterprises under the modern shipbuilding mode, and realizes the corresponding system. In this paper, the current situation of material import and export management in shipyard and the application of the current system are studied and investigated in depth, from the guiding ideology of customs supervision and the management mode of shipyard. This paper analyzes the inconveniences of the present paper manual declaration and the deficiency of the system function from the aspects of the process itself and the field management ability, and then puts forward the project implementation scheme combining with the relevant theoretical knowledge of ship logistics. The project is implemented with shipyard as the unit to establish electronic account books, shipyards based on electronic books for import and export customs clearance and rolling write-off; Through the China Electronic Port data Center, a close connection between the internal business system of the Customs and the internal computer management system of the enterprise has been realized, and the Customs has realized the examination and approval of the network. Customs to the actual logistics of shipyard processing and trade activities to implement the full computer network management. According to the similarity of customs declaration process of different types of imported materials, the difference of inventory management and the classified design principle of material management, this paper optimizes the workflow of customs declaration of original imported materials. The relationship between the material logistics module and the related relationship is analyzed and designed in detail. The database design and program design are carried out based on the related principles of the database. Finally, the related functions of the electronic customs network supervision are successfully integrated into the SEM system. The seamless connection between SEM system and electronic customs system is realized.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U673.3;TP311.52
本文编号：2210558
[Abstract]:When the second decade of the 21 century ushered in, the global economy was undergoing the deep test of the financial crisis. In order to cope with the crisis, there appeared in the market "internationalization of market sales, individualized product design, zero inventory of warehouse management," With the new characteristic of speeding up the delivery of products, the order cycle of raw materials and the cycle of product delivery of processing trade enterprises in China have been continuously compressed. Whether at home or abroad, the market and customers have put forward higher requirements for the response speed of foreign trade enterprises. And the foreign trade enterprise also carries on the continuous improvement to its own management, especially the cost management. At present, the customs declaration mode of paper manual in the customs supervision mode of our country limits the speed of the import and export of goods, and even affects the demand of the production and development of the enterprise on the spot. More importantly, due to the rapid growth of China's exports in recent years, processing trade has exacerbated the trade deficit of several developed countries in the West against China. The huge trade deficit also causes the related trade countries' dissatisfaction and criticism to our country's related trade policy to burst out, the trade friction and even the trade barrier has already caused the huge loss to the related trade country. In the face of new challenges, Chinese enterprises should not only rely on the processing trade model which competes with the advantage of resources and price, but should study the processing trade model with competitive advantage of independent innovation ability. Based on the material logistics management module of shipbuilding enterprise management system (SEM (Shipbuilding Enterprise ManagementSystem), this paper aims at the application of electronic customs clearance mode in shipbuilding enterprise. From the point of view of facilitating the enterprise's own management and simplifying the formalities of customs clearance, with the background of the information technology of the domestic and foreign shipping enterprises and the present situation of the customs declaration of imported materials, the paper makes use of modern information technology and advanced management concept. This paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of the traditional customs supervision mode and the customs network supervision mode, deeply studies the business process of the electronic customs system of the shipbuilding enterprises under the modern shipbuilding mode, and realizes the corresponding system. In this paper, the current situation of material import and export management in shipyard and the application of the current system are studied and investigated in depth, from the guiding ideology of customs supervision and the management mode of shipyard. This paper analyzes the inconveniences of the present paper manual declaration and the deficiency of the system function from the aspects of the process itself and the field management ability, and then puts forward the project implementation scheme combining with the relevant theoretical knowledge of ship logistics. The project is implemented with shipyard as the unit to establish electronic account books, shipyards based on electronic books for import and export customs clearance and rolling write-off; Through the China Electronic Port data Center, a close connection between the internal business system of the Customs and the internal computer management system of the enterprise has been realized, and the Customs has realized the examination and approval of the network. Customs to the actual logistics of shipyard processing and trade activities to implement the full computer network management. According to the similarity of customs declaration process of different types of imported materials, the difference of inventory management and the classified design principle of material management, this paper optimizes the workflow of customs declaration of original imported materials. The relationship between the material logistics module and the related relationship is analyzed and designed in detail. The database design and program design are carried out based on the related principles of the database. Finally, the related functions of the electronic customs network supervision are successfully integrated into the SEM system. The seamless connection between SEM system and electronic customs system is realized.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U673.3;TP311.52
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