石油企业钻井成本影响因素及降本增效措施研究

发布时间：2018-10-17 20:12

【摘要】：石油是工业的血液，是当代能源的重要主要组成部分，是农业发展的助力器，石油与人们的日常生活息息相关。石油、天然气等重要的能源都深埋在地下，只有通过钻探才能将这些珍贵的资源采出从而为人们所用，因此钻探工程在开采石油的过程中起着举足轻重的作用。石油钻井工程是进行石油天然气资源勘探开发的主要环节,是由多个工艺过程组合成的先进技术的灵活生产系统。石油钻井生产规模大、投资多、风险大,需要花费尤其是的人力、物力和财力。由于钻井作业成本是石油、天然气价格成本的重要组成部分，是除了油气井采出作业耗费的成本外石油、天然气成本另一重大支出项目，对钻井工程成本的研究分析具有重要的理论与现实的意义。在钻井的过程中，最重要的是节约钻井成本。为了有效抑制钻井成本过快增长，减少经营风险，进一步控制钻井过程成本投资，，保证钻井投资效益，我们在生产过程中必须分析其施工过程影响钻井成本的诸多因素，分析影响钻井成本的主要因素，然后采取有效的方法处理，最终实现整体钻井成本最低。在国内外钻井工程经济分析与评价同类研究的基础上，本文围绕钻井工程投资成本分析控制这个中心问题，在介绍油气田企业钻井工程基本施工过程及各项技术经济指标的基本知识之后,以项目管理的专业经济知识为依托，针对目前油气田钻井工程经济现状，从施工工艺流程方面、宏观影响因素和微观影响因素等方面对钻井工程投资成本的影响因素进行深入分析，并介绍了作业成本法的基本原理和相关理论，分析了作业成本法在油气田企业的应用，最后针对油气田企业钻井工程投资成本控制中存在的问题，提出了相关降本增效应采取的应对措施。本文为油气田企业钻井工程投资成本进行有效控制提供了理论支持，同时也具有较强的实用价值。因此,本文的研究成果,对油气田企业在优化项目成本管理、投资成本控制以及精确钻井工程投资预算方面具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Petroleum is the blood of industry, the main component of modern energy, and the booster of agricultural development. Oil is closely related to people's daily life. Oil, natural gas and other important energy are buried deep underground, only through drilling to extract these precious resources for people to use, so drilling in the process of oil drilling plays an important role. Petroleum drilling engineering is the main link in the exploration and development of petroleum and natural gas resources. It is a flexible production system of advanced technology which is composed of many technological processes. Oil drilling production scale, investment, risk, need to spend, especially manpower, material and financial resources. Since the cost of drilling operations is an important part of the cost of oil and gas prices, it is another major expenditure item on natural gas in addition to the cost of oil and gas production operations. The research and analysis of drilling engineering cost has important theoretical and practical significance. In the drilling process, the most important thing is to save drilling costs. In order to effectively restrain the excessive growth of drilling cost, reduce the risk of operation, further control the investment of drilling process and ensure the benefit of drilling investment, we must analyze many factors that affect drilling cost during the production process. The main factors affecting drilling cost are analyzed, and then the effective method is adopted to achieve the lowest drilling cost as a whole. On the basis of similar research on economic analysis and evaluation of drilling engineering at home and abroad, this paper focuses on the central issue of investment cost analysis and control in drilling engineering. After introducing the basic construction process of drilling engineering and the basic knowledge of various technical and economic indexes in oil and gas field enterprises, and based on the professional economic knowledge of project management, and in view of the present economic situation of oil and gas field drilling engineering, this paper deals with the construction process flow. In this paper, the factors influencing the investment cost of drilling engineering are deeply analyzed from the aspects of macro and micro factors, and the basic principles and related theories of activity-based costing are introduced, and the application of ABC in oil and gas field enterprises is analyzed. Finally, in view of the problems existing in the cost control of drilling engineering investment in oil and gas field enterprises, the countermeasures to reduce the cost and increase efficiency are put forward. This paper provides theoretical support for the effective control of the investment cost of drilling engineering in oil and gas field enterprises, and also has strong practical value. Therefore, the research results of this paper have certain reference value for oil and gas field enterprises in optimizing project cost management, investment cost control and accurate drilling project investment budget.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F275;F426.22

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