基层政府绩效评估中的公民参与研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 20:22

本文关键词：基层政府绩效评估中的公民参与研究　出处：《郑州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪50年代美国政府引入绩效预算制度以来,绩效管理在政府管理中的到了广泛的应用。从那时起,政府改革的追求和政府管理的目标就是绩效的提高,为实现这一种追求和目标,政府绩效评估始终被人们所重视并不断发展。在实践中,传统的政府绩效评估容易使政府工作人员产生唯上倾向,忽视群众真实态度;容易使政府工作人员产生惰性,片面追求少数指标;容易使政府工作人员产生弄虚作假等负面行为。为了探寻克服这些问题的方法,20世纪90年代,新公共管理理论、新公共服务理论逐渐成熟,并且成为政府管理的指导思想,西方政府绩效评估的发展趋势由传统的单一的、政府内部的、自上而下的评估方式向多元的、以人民为导向的方向转变,公民参与逐渐成为成基层政府绩效评估中一个重要的的环节,并在西方的实践中取得了较好的效果。我国的公民参与政府绩效评估起步时间相对西方发达国家较晚,但是却取得了不俗的成绩,并在发展中逐渐凸显出中国的特点。例如发展速度快,参与形式多样化,参与人数多等等。21世纪初,“立党为公、执政为民”、“科学发展观、正确政绩观”等新理念由党中央提出,中国各地基层政府纷纷展开公民参与政府绩效评估模式的探索。但是,在现阶段基层政府公民参与的实践中,仍然存在着公民参与动力不足,绩效评估结果缺乏客观公正性,无法达到预期效果等问题,已经严重影响到了我国公民参与基层政府绩效评估实践的开展,其原因涉及我国的现行制度、方法、社会氛围、公民素质等多方面。因此,对基层政府绩效评估中公民参与进行研究具有一定的理论和现实意义。本文通过对我国基层政府绩效评估中公民参与现状的梳理,在充分搜集整理近年来我国相关实践内容的基础上,采用定性研究与定量研究相结合,使用比较分析法,文献分析法等研究方法,结合管理学,政治学,社会学多学科知识。分析我国现阶段基层政府绩效评估中公民参与的问题和原因,并从社会、政府、公民三个角度对我国未来基层政府绩效评估中的公民参与机制建设提出了整体性的对策建议。
[Abstract]:Since the introduction of the performance budget system by the US government in 1950s, performance management has been widely used in government management. Since then, the pursuit of government reform and the goal of government management is the improvement of performance. In order to achieve this goal and pursuit, the government performance evaluation has always been valued and developed. In practice, the traditional government performance evaluation tends to cause the government staff to have the tendency of upward tendency rather than to ignore the real attitude of the masses. It is easy for the government staff to be inert and one-sided pursuit of minority indicators, which is easy for the government staff to be falsifying and other negative behaviors. In order to explore the methods to overcome these problems, in 1990s, the new public management theory, new public service theory is gradually mature, and become the guiding ideology of the government management, the development trend of western government performance evaluation from the traditional single, internal government, top-down evaluation method changes to multiple, people oriented the direction of citizen participation has become a local government performance assessment is an important link, and has achieved good results in the practice of western. China's citizen participation in government performance evaluation started relatively later than that in the western developed countries, but achieved remarkable results, and gradually highlighted the characteristics of China in its development. For example, the speed of development, participation in the form of diversification, the number of participants and so on. In the early twenty-first Century, the new concept of "building the party for the public, governing for the people", "Scientific Outlook on Development, the right achievement view" and other new concepts were put forward by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. However, in practice at the present stage of citizen participation in local government, there is still a lack of motivation for citizens to participate in the performance evaluation results, the lack of objectivity, can not achieve the desired effect and other problems, has seriously affected China's citizen participation in local government performance evaluation practice, the current systems and methods, the reason to our country the social atmosphere, citizen quality etc.. Therefore, the study of citizen participation in the performance evaluation of grass-roots government has a certain theoretical and practical significance. Based on the current situation of China's local government performance evaluation of citizen participation in combing, based on well collected finishing in recent years our country practice content, using qualitative research and quantitative research combined, using comparative analysis, literature analysis and other research methods, combined with management science, political science, multidisciplinary knowledge sociology. This paper analyzes the problems and reasons of citizen participation in the performance evaluation of the grass-roots government at the present stage, and puts forward the overall countermeasures and suggestions from the three angles of society, government and citizen to the construction of citizen participation mechanism in the future performance evaluation of the grass-roots government.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D630;D621.5

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